Chapter 9

Question 1

Compact Bone

Answer 1

Contains yellow marrow, osteons, marrow stores fat, forms outer bone covering

Question 2

Spongy bone

Answer 2

contains red blood cells, red bone marrow, forms inner part of bone, site of hematopoiesis

Question 3

hematopoiesis

Answer 3

blood cell production in the red bone marrow

Question 4

Which of these is not a characteristic of skeletal muscle?
a. Fibers well supplied with nerves and blood vessels
b. Fibers undergo mitosis
c. Fibers contain thick and thin contractile filaments
d. Fibers stimulated at neuromuscular junction

Answer 4

b

Question 5

Which of these is not a function of skeletal muscle?
a. Stabilizes joints
b. Maintains body temperature through contraction
c. Maintains body position through muscle tone
d. Stabilizes glucose metabolism by storage of glycogen

Answer 5

d

Question 6

stages of bone healing

Answer 6

1. hematoma formation
2. granulation tissue formation
3. fibrocartilage formation
4. bony callus formation
5. remodeling

Question 7

Which of the following is not a cause of osteoporosis?
a. Decreased mobility and sedentary lifestyle
b. Hormonal factors such as hyperparathyroidism
c. Deficits of calcium or vitamin D
d. Excessive physical exercise
e. Excessive caffeine intake

Answer 7

d

Question 8

Which of the following is not a treatment for osteoporosis?
a. Injections of human parathyroid hormone
b. Limiting heavy exercise
c. Surgery to realign the vertebral column
d. Vitamin D dietary supplements
e. Walking or weight lifting

Answer 8

b

Question 9

Which is not a characteristic of the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis?
a. Articular cartilage may eventually be lost.
b. Joint space becomes wider.
c. Cysts and osteophytes may develop.
d. Surface of the cartilage becomes rough.
e. Tissue damage releases enzymes.

Answer 9

b

Question 10

Which is not a part of the etiology of osteoarthritis?
a. Primary arthritis usually affects only a few joints.
b. Genetic predisposition has been reported.
c. Hips are more commonly affected in men.
d. Secondary arthritis is the most common form of osteoarthritis.
e. Secondary arthritis often involves one or several predisposed joints.

Answer 10

d

Question 11

Which is not a sign or symptom of osteoarthritis?
a. Systemic symptoms such as high fever
b. Predisposition to falls
c. Enlarged and hard joint
d. Bony enlargement of the distal interphalangeal joints
e. Weight-bearing joint involvement

Answer 11

a

Question 12

Which is not a treatment for osteoarthritis?
a. Massage therapy and occupational therapy
b. Injection of synthetic synovial fluid
c. Minimization of undue stress on joint
d. Antibiotics for prevention of joint infection
e. Surgical joint replacement

Answer 12

d

Question 13

Which is not a characteristic of the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis?
a. Pannus formation
b. Development of ankylosis
c. Development of systemic effects
d. Atrophy of muscles
e. Buildup of excess cartilage

Answer 13

e

Question 14

Which is not a part of the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis?
a. Definite familial predisposition
b. Increased incidence with age
c. More common in men than women
d. Link to several viral infections
e. Rheumatoid factor (RF) often present

Answer 14

c

Question 15

Which is not a sign or symptom of rheumatoid arthritis?
a. Joint stiffness occurs during activity.
b. Joint eventually becomes fixed.
c. Systemic effects such as low-grade fever result.
d. Joints appear red and swollen.
e. Joint eventually becomes deformed.

Answer 15

a

Question 16

Which is not a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?
a. Balance between rest and moderate activity
b. Physical and occupational therapy
c. Use of cold and heat
d. Surgical intervention
e. Drugs such as antibiotics

Answer 16

e

Question 17

When the skin is broken and bone fragments may be angled and protrude through the skin in a bone fracture, the fracture is called a:
a. Compound fracture
b. Displaced fracture
c. Complete fracture
d. Compression fracture

Answer 17

a

Question 18

Two types of inclusions that may be found in skeletal muscle fibers are:
a. Lactose and lipid globules
b. Vacuoles and lysosomes
c. Hemoglobin and dystrophin
d. Myoglobin and glycogen

Answer 18

d

Question 19

A common metabolic bone disorder characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density, together with loss of bone matrix and mineralization, is referred to as:
a. Osteoporosis
b. Fibromyalgia
c. Spondylitis
d. Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 19

a

Question 20

A tear in a tendon is called a:

Answer 20

Strain

Question 21

Duchenne’s is a form of this disease:

Answer 21

Muscular Dystrophy

Question 22

A large muscle tear that: stops short of a complete tear, pain is severe, muscle may be partially contracted, loss of strength and range of motion is classified as a:

Answer 22

Second degree tear

Question 23

Bone that is composed of units referred to as osteons that are tightly packed together, producing a very strong rigid structure that forms the outer covering of bones, is called:

Answer 23

Compact Bone

Question 24

Osteomalacia occurs in adults as a result of poor absorption of:

Answer 24

Vitamin D

Question 25

The type of fracture that results from a weakness in the bone structure caused by conditions such as a tumor or osteoporosis is called a(n):

Answer 25

Pathologic fracture

Question 26

Completely immovable joints such as the sutures between the skull bones are classified as:

Answer 26

Synarthroses

Question 27

The accumulation of uric acid or urate crystals in the joint is a sign of:

Answer 27

Gouty Arthritis

Question 28

A chronic progressive inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints is called:

Answer 28

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Question 29

When the bone is only partially displaced, this trauma is called:

Answer 29

Subluxation

Question 30

A chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain and stiffness affecting muscles, tendons, and surrounding soft tissues is called:

Answer 30

Fibromyalgia

Question 31

Still's disease is a form of:

Answer 31

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Question 32

The abnormal curvature of the spine (also refered to as "humpback or hunchback") that is characterized by abnormally rounded upper back is called:

Answer 32

Kyphosis

Question 33

The primary defect in osteoarthritis is the damage and eventual loss of:

Answer 33

Articular Cartilage

Question 34

The contractile elements of the muscle fiber are:

Answer 34

Actin and Myosin

Question 35

The temporary displacement of bones from their normal position in a joint is called a

Answer 35

Dislocation

Question 36

A bone neoplasm that arises from cartilage cells is:

Answer 36

Chondrosarcoma

Question 37

Bone-forming cells that produce bone matrix are called:

Answer 37

Osteoblasts

Question 38

Chronic accelerated bone remodeling eventually enlarges and softens the affected bones in this progressive bone disease:

Answer 38

Pagets Disease

Question 39

The five stages of bone healing are:

Answer 39

Hematoma, granulation tissue, procallus, bony callus, remodeling

Question 40

An autoimmune disorder that results in a chronic inflammatory disease causing symmetric inflammation of the joints and symptoms such as anorexia and fever is:

Answer 40

Rheumatoid arthritis