Chapter 8

Question 1

Skin functions

Answer 1

Protect against microorganisms
Protect against UV radiation
Prevent loss of body fluids
Protect against mechanical stress
Regulate body temperature
Produce vitamin D
Facilitate sensation

Question 2

Three layers of skin

Answer 2

Epidermis - Dermis - Subcutaneous (hypodermis)

Question 3

Epidermis

Answer 3

epithelial tissue and 5 layers

Question 4

5 layers of Epidermis

Answer 4

A. Stratum basale
B. Stratum spinosum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum lucidum
E. Stratum corneum

Question 5

Dermis

Answer 5

consists mainly of connective tissue and contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and eccrine glands.

Question 6

Subcutaneous layer

Answer 6

connective tissue, mostly adipose.

Question 7

Pruritus

Answer 7

Pain or itching

Question 8

Biopsy

Answer 8

can help detect a malignancy

Question 9

Antihistamine

Answer 9

Used to treat pruritus

Question 10

Why are skin lesions itchy

Answer 10

Bacterial infections and reactions caused by allergens may spur the release of histamines, which can cause inflammation and pruritus, or itching, by stimulating the many sensory nerve endings in the skin. Antihistamines and glucocorticoids may be prescribed to relieve itching, and further pruritus may be prevented with the use of topical antiallergen creams and ointments.

Question 11

Contact Dermatitis

Answer 11

Exposure to allergen - red edematous skin, direct chemical contact, poison ivy

Question 12

Urticaria

Answer 12

Hives - Hypersensitivity reaction, erythematoys lesions, can happen in throat

Question 13

Atopic dermatitis

Answer 13

Eczema - common in infants and can progress to adulthood, inherited tendency towards allergic conditions, dry and scaly (lichenification), eosinophilia

Question 14

Psoriasis

Answer 14

Chronic inflammation skin disorder, associated with T-cell Activation, keratinocyte proliferation and increased cytokines

Question 15

Pemphigus

Answer 15

Autoimmune disorder that has various types. causes autoantibodies to disrupt cohesion between epidermal cells causing blider formation and spread

Question 16

Scleroderma

Answer 16

Purely integumentary or may be systemic affecting viscera. Collagen deposition causes inflammation and fibrosis. hard and shiney skin, can affect face and various other organs

Question 17

Dupuytrens Contracture

Answer 17

Contraction of finger tissues and results in deformed hands - cause unknown

Question 18

Which of these characteristics is not descriptive of a furuncle?
a. Typically caused by S. aureus
b. May result in the formation of a carbuncle
c. Often caused by a viral infection
d. May develop into an abscess

Answer 18

C

Question 19

Which of these characteristics is not descriptive of impetigo?
a. Accompanied by pruritus
b. Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
c. Not typical in infants and children
d. Often requires systemic antibiotics

Answer 19

c

Question 20

Which of these characteristics is not descriptive of necrotizing fasciitis?
a. Typically caused by a viral infection
b. nvolves such systemic effects as fever, tachycardia, and organ failure
c. May be treated with antimicrobial drugs and excision of tissue
d. May begin as a minor skin trauma or infection

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Cold Sores

Answer 21

Herpes simplex 1 (mouth) & 2 (genital). presence of blister may give rise to keratitis and can recur with sun exposure

Question 22

Verrucae

Answer 22

Warts. caused by different strains of HPV. treated with salicylic acid

Question 23

Tinea capitis

Answer 23

Fungal infection of scalp

Question 24

Tinea Corpora’s

Answer 24

Fungal infection of body, particularly nonhairy parts

Question 25

Tinea pedis

Answer 25

Athletes foot

Question 26

Tinea Unguium

Answer 26

Fungal infection of the nails

Question 27

Scabies

Answer 27

Caused by mites, burrowing found in webs of fingers and wrists, but can be found anywhere, may cause erythema.

Question 28

Pediculosis

Answer 28

Caused by lice feeding on blood, infestation is usually in hair and pubic area. topical malathion.

Question 29

Seborrheic keratosis

Answer 29

Benign tumor caused by basal cell proliferation

Question 30

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 30

May develop from leukoplakia

Question 31

Develops from melanocytes

Answer 31

Melanoma

Question 32

associated with HIV infection

Answer 32

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 33

Sweat glands located all over the surface of the body are called

Answer 33

Eccrine

Question 34

Although the primary cause of scleroderma is unkown, every case involves the presence of

Answer 34

Collagen deposits

Question 35

Furuncles are mostly caused by

Answer 35

Staph. aureus

Question 36

Necrotizing fascitis is mostly caused by

Answer 36

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus

Question 37

most common cause of warts

Answer 37

HPV

Question 38

scabies is caused by

Answer 38

Mites

Question 39

seborrheic keratosis is a result of

Answer 39

PRoliferation of basal cells

Question 40

squamous cell carcinoma is a tumor of the

Answer 40

Epidermis

Question 41

melanomas develop from

Answer 41

melanocytes

Question 42

Kaposi sarcoma is associated with

Answer 42

HIV infection

Question 43

Pediculosis is caused by

Answer 43

Lice