Chapter 1

Question 1

Etiology

Answer 1

Study of the cause or origin of a disease or disorder

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

Maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment

Question 3

Idiopathic

Answer 3

Refers to a disease of unknown cause

Question 4

Pathophysiology

Answer 4

Study of the functional changes in the body as a result of a disease process

Question 5

Biopsy

Answer 5

The procedure by which a small amount of living tissue is removed by surgical procedures for examination

Question 6

Chronic

Answer 6

Develops gradually, perm damage

Question 7

acute

Answer 7

Develops rapidly, short term

Question 8

Exacerbation

Answer 8

manifestations of the disease increases

Question 9

Manifestations

Answer 9

Refers to signs and symptoms of a disease

Question 10

lesion

Answer 10

specific local change to the tissue

Question 11

syndrome

Answer 11

collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ

Question 12

signs

Answer 12

objective indicators of a disease

Question 13

Precipitating factor

Answer 13

Triggers an acute episode

Question 14

Sequelae

Answer 14

Unwanted outcomes of primary condition

Question 15

Symptoms

Answer 15

Subjective feelings such as pain, nausea

Question 16

The term for probability or likelihood of recovery or some other outcome is:

Answer 16

Prognosis

Question 17

The potential unwanted outcomes of a primary condition, such as a bacterial infection following use of antirejection drugs in a successful transplant case, are referred to as

Answer 17

Sequelae

Question 18

The term for a collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ, that usually occur in response to a certain condition is:

Answer 18

Syndrome

Question 19

An exacerbation of a condition refers to that time when:

Answer 19

signs and symptoms decrease

Question 20

A specific local change in the tissue, which can be microscopic or clearly visible, is termed

Answer 20

Lesion

Question 21

A disease that develops very quickly with marked signs/symptoms but is usually short-lived is termed

Answer 21

Acute

Question 22

The name for the time early in the development of a disease when the changes in the body are occurring but the signs/symptoms are nonspecific is

Answer 22

Prodromal

Question 23

The term for a disease caused by a treatment, procedure, or clinical error is

Answer 23

Iatrogenic

Question 24

The science of tracking the pattern or occurrence of a disease is

Answer 24

Epidemiology

Question 25

The study of the causative factors in a particular disease is

Answer 25

Etiology

Question 26

The term for a high number of cases of an infectious disease in several regions or worldwide is

Answer 26

Pandemic

Question 27

The term indicating the disease rate within a group is

Answer 27

Morbidity

Question 28

Why is a cold not a disease?

Answer 28

A disease refers to a change in homeostasis that is not restored without intervention. A cold will usually run its course and the body's natural defenses will return to a normal homeostasis without intervention.

Question 29

Normal programmed cell death

Answer 29

Apoptosis

Question 30

Lack of blood causing a lack of o2 that leads to cell death

Answer 30

Ischemia

Question 31

Condition of reduced oxygen in the tissue

Answer 31

Hypoxia

Question 32

condition when group of cells die

Answer 32

Necrosis

Question 33

tissue death that occurs when cell proteins are altered or denatured

Answer 33

Coagulative necrossis

Question 34

Type of tissue death characteristic of Tuberculosis

Answer 34

Caseous necrosis

Question 35

Area of dead cells resulting from a lack of o2

Answer 35

Infraction

Question 36

area of dead or damaged tissue that has been invaded by bacteria

Answer 36

Gangrene

Question 37

The study of the physiologic (functional) changes as a result of a disease process is: Pathophysiology Pathology Epidemiology Etiology

Answer 37

Pathophysiology

Question 38

The maintaining of a relatively stable internal environment by the body is called: Physiology Osmotic balance Immunity Homeostasis

Answer 38

Homeostasis

Question 39

_______________________ indicate(s) a high risk for the development of a certain disease or condition but not the certain development of the disease. Diagnostics Predisposing factors Precipitating factors Prevalence

Answer 39

Predisposing factors

Question 40

The term used to refer to a disease of unknown cause or spontaneous origin is: Iatrogenic Insidious Phantom Idiopathic

Answer 40

Idiopathic

Question 41

Prevention of a disease is linked to both the _______________________________ for a specific disease. diagnosis and epidemiology pathogenesis and etiology etiology and predisposing factors pathology and therapy

Answer 41

etiology and predisposing factors

Question 42

A disease that may start out rather mild, developing gradually but persisting for a long time, usually causing significant permanent tissue damage, is referred to as: Chronic Latent Acute Subclinical

Answer 42

Chronic

Question 43

The potential unwanted, usually damaging outcomes of a primary condition or disease, such as paralysis following recovery from a stroke, are referred to as: Symptoms Exacerbations Sequelae Latent factors

Answer 43

Sequelae

Question 44

Neoplasm means “new growth” and is commonly called a: Carbuncle Scar Boil Tumor

Answer 44

Tumor

Question 45

The term used to refer to undifferentiated cells that have variable nuclei and cell structures and is the basis for grading a tumor is: Metaplasia Anaplasia Dysplasia Hyperplasia

Answer 45

Anaplasia

Question 46

An area of dead cells resulting from a lack of oxygen, where the function of the tissue or organ may be lost, is called a(n): Necrosis Neoplasm Gangrene Infarction

Answer 46

Infarction

Question 47

The term used to describe the death of a group of cells, regardless of the cause of the damage, is: Necrosis Gangrene Ischemia Lesion

Answer 47

Necrosis

Question 48

A factor that can trigger an acute episode of a condition or disease is referred to as a(n): Contributing factor Predisposing factor Precipitating factor Exacerbating factor

Answer 48

Precipitating Factor

Question 49

The period of time between the exposure to a microorganism and the onset of signs and symptoms is called the: Prodromal period Remission period Chronic period Incubation period

Answer 49

Incubation Period

Question 50

The number of new cases of a disease in a given population noted within a stated time period indicates the __________________ of a disease. prevalence communicability incidence manifestations

Answer 50

Incidence

Question 51

A condition in the tissue where there is a reduced level of oxygen is called: Hypoxia Anaerobic Necrosis Ischemia

Answer 51

Hypoxia

Question 52

Signs are manifestations of a disease or condition that are: subjective feelings such as pain objective indicators such as fever clinically verifiable indicators only diagnosed by a physician subjective preliminary indicators identified by the patient only

Answer 52

Objective indicators such as fever

Question 53

A collection of signs and symptoms, often affecting more than one organ is refered to as a (n): disorder manifestation chronic disease syndrome

Answer 53

Syndrome