Chapter 9

Question 0

Name the four nitrogen bases for RNA

Answer 0

Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
Uracil

Question 1

Name the four nitrogen bases for DNA

Answer 1

Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
Thymine

Question 2

Name the three types of mutations

Answer 2

Substitution
Deletion
Addition

Question 3

The complementary RNA copy of the DNA gene

Answer 3

Messenger RNA

Question 4

Subcellular globular structures that are composed of ribosomal RNA

Answer 4

Ribosomes

Question 5

Involves using the instructions carried by a gene to build a particular protein

Answer 5

Protein synthesis

Question 6

The process that involves producing the copy of the required gene

Answer 6

Transcription

Question 7

This process involved decoding the copied RNA sequence and producing the protein for which it codes

Answer 7

Translation

Question 8

Sequence of nucleotides to which the polymerase binds to start transcription

Answer 8

Promoter

Question 9

Three nucleotides long and encode particular amino acids

Answer 9

Codon

Question 10

Region of tRNA that binds to a mRNA codon

Answer 10

Anticodon

Question 11

An mRNA codon that does not code for an amino acid and cause the amino acid chain to be released into the cytoplasm

Answer 11

Stop codon

Question 12

Changes to the DNS sequence that can affect the order or types of amino acids incorporated into a protein during translation

Answer 12

Mutation

Question 13

The grouping of mRNAs into 3 base codons for translation

Answer 13

Reading frame

Question 14

A mutation that occurs when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted from a DNA sequence is not a multiple of three

Answer 14

Frame shift mutuation

Question 15

Turning a gene on or off

Answer 15

Regulating gene expression

Question 16

Entire suite of genes present in an organism

Answer 16

Genome

Question 17

Tumors induced by placid

Answer 17

Ti plasmid

Question 18

When a gene from one species is incorporated into the genome of another species is a

Answer 18

Transgenic organism/ Genetically Modified Organisma

Question 19

In specialized or undifferentiated precursor cells that have not yet been programmed to performed a specific function

Answer 19

Stem cells

Question 20

Using stem cells to produce healthy tissues as replacements for damaged tissues is a type of

Answer 20

Therapeutic cloning

Question 21

When a cell that can become any other cell type immediately after fertilization

Answer 21

Totipotent

Question 22

Involved determining the nucleotide base sequence of the entire human

Answer 22

Human genome project

Question 23

Replacing defective human genes with functional genes

Answer 23

Gene therapy

Question 24

A selective breeding program with the purpose of increasing crop productivity or developing new breeds on domestic animals require:

Answer 24

Parents with genetic variation

Question 25

The test cross is designed to determine:

Answer 25

The genotype of the parent with the dominant phenotype

Question 26

A test cross always involves

Answer 26

A homozygous recessive individual