Chapter 9

Question 0

what is heredity

Answer 0

the transmission of traits from parents to offspring

Question 1

example of true breeding stains

Answer 1

purple plants only produce purple offspring

Question 2

who discovered the basic principles of heredity

Answer 2

mendle

Question 3

what is inheritance

Answer 3

the passing of traits by heredity

Question 4

in monastery’s garden, mendel noticed that in pea plants ___ specific traits could be seen

Answer 4

7

Question 5

father of modern genetics

Answer 5

mendel

Question 5

mendel developed _____ gentics

Answer 5

mendelian

Question 6

mendel was an australian ____ in the mid 1800s

Answer 6

monk

Question 7

mendel studied ___ and ___

Answer 7

math

science

Question 9

how did mendel discover the basic principles of heredity

Answer 9

by breeding garden roses in carefully planned experiments

Question 9

in monastery gardens, mendel was interested testing the ___ of the traits

Answer 9

predictability

Question 11

step 2 in mendel’s experiments

Answer 11

cross-pollinate two P generation plants w/ contrasting traits

Question 12

in mendels breeding experiments he crossed pea plants with ___ ___ with plants with white flowers

Answer 12

purple flowers

Question 13

what are monohybrid crosses

Answer 13

cross involving only one pair of contrasting traits

Question 14

how many steps are in mendel’s experiments

Answer 14

3

Question 15

1st step in mendel’s experiments

Answer 15

produce TRUE BREEDING stains

Question 16

what is the F2 generation

Answer 16

offspring of F1 self-pollination

Question 17

in mendel’s results the missing trait reappeared in some of the

Answer 17

F2 generation

Question 18

F1 generation are the

Answer 18

offspring of the ‘p generation’

Question 20

3rd step in mendel’s experiments

Answer 20

F1 plants self-pollinate

Question 21

if the first letter of the trait is a capital letter the trait is

Answer 21

dominant

Question 22

if the first letter of the trait is lower case then the trait is

Answer 22

recessive

Question 23

in each copy of a gene one is from each

Answer 23

parent

Question 24

what plants are the ‘p generation’

what does ‘p generation’ stand for

Answer 24

plants in the 1st step

parental

Question 25

in one of mendel's 4 hypotheses it states that there are alternative versions of genes called

Answer 25

alleles

Question 26

what is a trait

Answer 26

characteristic determined by genes

Question 27

genotype

Answer 27

genetic makeup of an organism

Question 28

in mendel's results F1 showed

Answer 28

only one form of the trait

Question 29

in one of mendel's 4 hypotheses it states that one factor of a trait is ___, and hides, the other factor is ____

Answer 29

dominant | recessive

Question 30

phenotype

Answer 30

external appearance of an organism

Question 31

one of mendel's hypotheses it states that the egg and sperm carry only one of the possible

Answer 31

alleles

Question 32

law of independent assortment - dominant factors don't always go with other ___ - recessive factors don't always go with other ___

Answer 32

dominant factors | recessive factors

Question 33

what is the law of segregation

Answer 33

the alleles for a trait will segregate when gametes are formed

Question 34

probability that two or more independent events will occur together is the product of their individual probabilities

Answer 34

multiplication rule

Question 35

one of mendel's 4 hypotheses stated that for each trait, an individual has __ copies of the gene

Answer 35

2

Question 36

the ratio of mendel's results in the F2 generatio

Answer 36

3:1

Question 36

what does it mean if a trait is homozygous

Answer 36

2 alleles r the same

Question 37

ex. homozygous dominant- homozygous recessive-

Answer 37

PP | pp

Question 38

what does it mean for a trait to be heterozygous

Answer 38

2 alleles are different

Question 39

example of heterozygous trait

Answer 39

Pp

Question 40

if a trait is heterozygous, it is also

Answer 40

hybrid

Question 41

what is codominance

Answer 41

two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time

Question 43

probability

Answer 43

likelihood that a specific event will occur

Question 43

the laws of probability govern

Answer 43

Mendelian inheritance

Question 44

probability=

Answer 44

number of one kind of outcome ------------------------------------------- total number of all possible outcomes

Question 45

``` IA + IB = AB blood type roan cattle (white and red) are examples of.... ```

Answer 45

codominance

Question 47

probability that any one of two or more exclusive events will occur is calculated by adding together their individual probabilities

Answer 47

addition rule

Question 48

what are test crosses

Answer 48

testing the procedure used to determine the genotype of an individual

Question 49

in the laws of probability the alleles of one gene ___ into gametes independently of another gene's alleles

Answer 49

segregate

Question 50

ex of the laws of probability | outcome of one coin toss is ___ in next coin toss

Answer 50

irrelevant

Question 51

the ___ and ___ rules applied to Monohybrid crosses

Answer 51

multiplication | addition

Question 52

what does F1 stand for

Answer 52

first filial generation

Question 52

probability in an F1 monohybrid cross can be determined using the

Answer 52

multiplication rule

Question 52

the rule of addition can be used to figure out the probability that an F2 plant from a monohybrid cross will be ___ rather than ___

Answer 52

heterozygous | homozygous

Question 54

mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment reflect

Answer 54

the rules of probability

Question 54

what is incomplete dominance

Answer 54

an individual displays a phenotype intermediate between the two parents

Question 56

red snapdragon + white snapdragon = pink snapdragon straight hair + curly hair = wavy hair examples of....

Answer 56

incomplete dominance

Question 57

in codominance the phenotype is

Answer 57

unique