Chapter 9 Flashcards
(105 cards)
How do we get caries?
Teeth demineralize during acid attack.
–Every eating event is an opportunity for bacteria to use sugar to make acid.
Teeth will remineralize
in between acid attacks.
Calcium and phosphorous in saliva replace
Lost minerals
Available fluoride in the oral cavity will reduce .
The affect of acid on teeth
Normal oral pH is between
6.8-7.0
Critical pH is
5.5
What happens at critical pH
This is the point teeth will start to demineralize
- bacteria will metabolize to create acid
- good can also have pH of 5.5
1st during demineralization Acid moves through
Dentinal tubules
The acid produced by bacteria during demineralization process can cause
Increased solubility of tooth structure (calcium hydroxyapatite)
Calcium (during demin)
Leaches from tooth structure
Demineralize area first appears as
White spot
After food clears from mouth
pH starts to return to basic 7.0 and starts remineralization process
During remineralization the minerals in saliva
take the same path as the acid to through tubules to replace those that are lost —calcium and phosphorus
during remineralization fluoride will
incorporate into the crystalline surfaces tht have been partially dissolved
hydroxyapatite converts into
fluorapatite which fortifies tooth structure against future acid attack
when demineralization time is greater than remineralization time
cavities develop
when remineraliation time is greater than demineralization time
you remain caries free
enamel is
porus
how long does it take for cavitation to progress through enamel for high rick person
19-22 months
high caries risk person includes:
high carb diet
poor quality saliva
poor oral hygiene
unavailable fluoride
how long does it take for cavitation to progress through enamel for low risk person
5 years
person for low caries risk includes
Sucrose consumption in diet limited to 5% to 10% of daily calorie intake
Diet rich in whole unprocessed foods and foods that keep pH around 7
Ample saliva
Daily plaque removal
Use of fluoridated toothpaste
6 factors that play a role in caries development
- Carbohydrates in the diet
- Presence of specific bacteria
- Susceptible tooth structure/host resistance
- Absence of fluoride
- Salivary gland hypofunction
- Poor oral hygiene habits
Most of what we know about the relationship of carbohydrates and dental caries is a result of
the Vipeholm study