Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry 121 > Chapter Four: Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry > Flashcards

Chapter Four: Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Flashcards

1
Q

Homogenous mixtures of two or more pure substances

A

Solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The substance present in greatest abundance

A

Solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

All other substances present in a mixture

A

Solutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The process that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves in water, the solvent pulls the individual ions from the compound

A

Dissociation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A substance that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

A

Electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This may dissolve in water, but it does not dissociate into ions while doing so

A

Nonelectrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

NaCl is a…

A

Strong Electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HF is a…

A

Weak Electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sugar is a…

A

Nonelectrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three things that could be a Strong Electrolyte?

A
  1. Soluble Salts
  2. Strong Acids
  3. Strong Bases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three things that are Weak Electrolytes?

A
  1. Slightly Soluble Salts
  2. Weak Acids
  3. Weak Bases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dissociates completely in water HCl (aq) —> H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

A

Strong Electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Only partially dissociates in water. Its equations indicate a chemical equilibrium, where a reaction can go both forward and backward. C2H3O2H (aq) —> <— H+ (aq) + C2H3O2- (aq)

A

Weak Electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ionic compounds in which the cation = H+, so: (H+)(X-)

A

Acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the seven strong acids?

A
  1. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
  2. Hydrobromic Acid (HBr)
  3. Hydroiodic Acid (HI)
  4. Nitric Acid (HNO3)
  5. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
  6. Chloric Acid (HCLO3)
  7. Perchloric Acid (HCLO4)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Substances that ionize in aqueous solution to form H+. Because H+ consists of only a proton, acids are often called “proton donors”

A

Acids

17
Q

Ionic compounds in which the anion = OH- so: (M+)(OH-)

A

Bases

18
Q

The strong bases are the soluble metal salts of hydroxide ion:

A

Group 1 - Alkaline Metals Group 2 - Starting at Ca and going down

19
Q

Substances that react with, or “accept”, H+ ions. They increase the concentration of OH- (hydroxide ion) when they are dissolved in pure water

A

Bases

20
Q

Do substances have to contain OH- to be a base?

A

No

21
Q

What is the only weak base that we will commonly encounter in 121 lab?

A

Ammonia (NH3)

22
Q

__________ are ionic compounds in which the cation is not H+ and the anion is not OH- so: (M+)(X-)

A

Salts

23
Q

A slightly soluble salt is also called…

A

Insoluble

24
Q

A salt is soluble if the cation is one of these 6:

A
  1. Li+
  2. Na+
  3. K+
  4. Rb+
  5. Cs+
  6. NH4+
25
Q

A salt is soluble if anion is one of these 8:

A
  1. NO3-
  2. C2H3O2
  3. ClO3-
  4. ClO4-
  5. Cl-
  6. Br-
  7. I-
  8. SO42-
26
Q

What are the exceptions for soluble anions of Cl-, Br-, and I-?

A

Ag+, Pb2+, Hg22+

27
Q

What are the exceptions for soluble anion SO42-?

A

Sr2+, Ba2+, PB2+, Hg22+

28
Q

The salt is insoluble is the anion is one of these 4:

A
  1. CO32-
  2. PO43-
  3. S2-
  4. OH-
29
Q

What are the exceptions to all 4 insoluble anions?

A

Alkali Metals and NH4+

30
Q

What are the exceptions for the insoluble anion of OH-?

A

Alkali Metals, NH4+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+

31
Q

Is Na2SO4 soluble or insoluble?

A

Soluble

32
Q

Is FePO4 soluble or insoluble?

A

Insoluble

33
Q

Is BaSO4 soluble or insoluble?

A

Insoluble

34
Q

Is Al(NO3)3 soluble or insoluble?

A

Soluble

35
Q

Double displacement reactions are also called…

A

Metathesis Reactions

36
Q

What are the three steps in predicting whether a ppt forms when strong electrolytes are mixed?

A
  1. look at the ions present in the reactants
  2. consider possible cation-anion combinations and the possible products
  3. determine if any of the potential product combinations are insoluble

Chemistry 121 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions