Chapter Four: Viticulture

Question 1

What is the portion of the vine that includes leaves, branches, and fruit?

Answer 1

Canopy

Question 2

What are the vine’s young branches called, while they are young and pliable?

Answer 2

Canes

Question 3

What are the vines branches–if they are retained year after year–after they have thickened?

Answer 3

Cordons (arms)

Question 4

What is inserting an unrooted cutting into the trunk of an existing vine called?

Answer 4

Field grafting

Question 5

At what age do vines begin to decline?

Answer 5

20 years

Question 6

What are the ideal latitudes for commercial viticulture?

Answer 6

30 to 50 degrees

Question 7

What is the minimum temperature required to begin the emergence of new greenery in the spring?

Answer 7

50 degrees F

10 degrees C

Question 8

What does one call sap flowing upward from the trunk out to the canes, before the emergence of new greenery?

Answer 8

Weeping

Question 9

What does one call the emergence of tiny shoots at the beginning of the growth cycle of the vine?

Answer 9

Bud break

Question 10

What does one call the transition from flower to grape berry?

Answer 10

Fruit set (berry set)

Question 11

What is the condition in which many flowers do not develop into grapes?

Answer 11

Coulure (shatter)

Question 12

What is the abnormality resulting in many small, seedless berries in the grape bunches?

Answer 12

Millerandage

Question 13

What is the beginning of ripening called?

Answer 13

Veraison

Question 14

What is the typical time period from bud break to harvest?

Answer 14

140 to 160 days

Question 15

What is the process by which the vine produces sugar?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis

Question 16

What is the process by which the vine uses energy?

Answer 16

Respiration

Question 17

What is the process in which water evaporates through openings in the vine’s leaves?

Answer 17

Transpiration

Question 18

What is the process by which materials are moved from one area of the plant to another?

Answer 18

Translocation

Question 19

What is the French term for the combined natural factors of a vineyard site?

Answer 19

Terroir

Question 20

What is the bacterial vine disease spread via the glassy-winged sharpshooter?

Answer 20

Pierce’s Disease

Question 21

What is the fungal disease known as oidium?

Answer 21

Powdery Mildew

Question 22

What is the fungal disease also known as peronospora?

Answer 22

Downy Mildew

Question 23

What is the root-eating insect of great threat to vineyards?

Answer 23

Phylloxera

Question 24

What are the two main approaches to pruning?

Answer 24

Spur (cordon) pruning

Cane pruning

Question 25

What is the vine-training system that does not use supports or trellises?

Answer 25

Head training (bush training, Gobelet)

Question 26

What is the vine-training system that guides vines up a tall support?

Answer 26

Pergola

Question 27

What is the vine-training system that guides one or two canes or cordons along a trellis?

Answer 27

Guyot

Question 28

What are three examples of divided-canopy systems?

Answer 28

Geneva Double Curtain Lyre Scott Henry ...but there are many more, though these are the most-mentioned in the CSW

Question 29

What does VSP stand for?

Answer 29

Vertical Shoot Positioning