chapter six Flashcards
(33 cards)
Thomas Jefferson
- he wrote declaration of independance
- young lawyer
John Locke
-came up with the idea of Natural Rights
John Hancock
- he was the first person to sign the declaration of independence
- signed it on July 4, 1776
Nathan Hale
- Connecticut officer who volunteered for dangerous spy duty
- his mission was to collect information about British battle plans on Long Island
- he was caught behind British lines and was charged with treason
- he was hanged the next morning
- his last words were: “My only regret is that I have but one life to lose for my country.”
Mary Ludwig Hayes
- she was a Molly Pitcher (she carried water out to the soldiers fighting in the war)
- her husband was wounded in battle, so she took his place manning a cannon at great personal risk
Marquis de Lafayette
- he was a french noble
- he became a high ranking officer in Washington’s army
- he became close friends with Washington
- when wounded in battle, Washington told the surgeon to “Treat him as if he were my son.”
Baron Friedrich Von Steuben
- he was a German baron who helped train the continental army
- he had served in the Prussian army (which was considered the best in Europe)
- before he arrived, troops were poorly trained and disciplined
- he taught them how to march and improve their aim
- one of the most valuable things he taught them was how to attack with bayonets
John Paul Jones
- he was a privateer
- he commanded Bonhomme Richard which fought side by side with British warship, Serapis
- he refused to give up even though his ship was in tatters
- “I have not yet begun to fight!”
- captain of Serapis surrenders after many people have died on both ships
George Rogers Clark
- he was sent to defend attacks on the frontier
- his forces easily captured Kaskaskia and Cahokia
- after a hard journey, his troops caught the British by surprise with a midwinter attack on the fort at Vincennes
- the British and their Native American allies surrendered
- his victories allowed settlers to remain on the frontier, and strengthened their claim on the Ohio River Valley
Francis Marion
- he led his men silently through the swamps
- his troops attacked without warning then hastily escaped back into the swamp
- his guerrilla attacks were so effective he earned the title, ‘Swamp Fox’
Deborah Sampson
- she joined the army disguised as a man
- when wounded in battle, she cared for herself to keep her identity hidden
Lord Charles Cornwallis
- carried the war into North Carolina
- fought in battle of Yorktown
- surrendered in Yorktown
King George III
- king of England during the Revolutionary war
- he was a very selfish a rude ruler
- he was called a “royal brute” by Thomas Paine
- he wanted to continue to fight in Yorktown
George Washington
- general of the Continental army
- used knowledge to win wars
- lead his army from hardship to victory
- planned to retire to his plantation after the war
Thomas Paine
- colonial author
- wrote persuasive pamphlets such as ‘Common Sense’ and ‘The Crisis’
- ‘Common Sense’ was written to convince colonists to side with the Patriots
- ‘The Crisis’ was written to urge Americans to support the Continental army
- Washington had the crisis read to his troops
Benjamin Franklin
- member of the American delegation
- part of continental congress
- proof read declaration of independence
- went to France for something that Mrs. K mentioned in class that I can’t remember
Benedict Arnold
- fought bravely for the patriots
- married loyalist woman
- thought that congress undervalued him
- plotted to turn West Point over to the British
- this was a key fort on the Hudson River in New York
- managed to escape after his plan was discovered
Alliance
a formal agreement between two powers to work together toward a common goal
Hessian Mercenaries
- mercenaries from Hesse, Germany
- very tough soldiers
Traitor
a person who betrays his or her country or cause and helps the other side
Mercenaries
soldiers who are paid to fight for a country other than their own
Patriot
a colonist who favored independence and was willing to fight for it
Lobster Back
a derogatory term for a British soldier
Unalienable Rights
rights that cannot be taken away or denied