chapter three

Question 1

1. A(n) ________ is a sudden, permanent change in a sequence of DNA.
   allele
   chromosome
   epigenetic
   mutation

Answer 1

mutation

Question 2

2. ________ refers to a person’s genetic makeup, while ________ refers to a person’s physical characteristics.
   Phenotype; genotype
   Genotype; phenotype
   DNA; gene
   Gene; DNA

Answer 2

genotype ;phenotype

Question 3

3. ________ is the field of study that focuses on genes and their expression.
   Social psychology
   Evolutionary psychology
   Epigenetics
   Behavioral neuroscience

Answer 3

epigenetics

Question 4

4. Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.
   15
   23
   46
   78

Answer 4

23

Question 5

5. The ________ receive(s) incoming signals from other neurons.
   soma
   terminal buttons
   myelin sheath
   dendrites

Answer 5

dendrites

Question 6

6. A(n) ________ facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system.
   axon
   SSRI
   agonist
   antagonist

Answer 6

agonist

Question 7

7. Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the ________.
   soma
   myelin sheath
   synaptic vesicles
   dendrites

Answer 7

myelin sheath

Question 8

8. An action potential involves Na+ moving ________ the cell and K+ moving ________ the cell.
   inside; outside
   outside; inside
   inside; inside
   outside; outside

Answer 8

inside; outside

Question 9

9. Our ability to make our legs move as we walk across the room is controlled by the ________ nervous system.
   autonomic
   somatic
   sympathetic
   parasympathetic

Answer 9

somatic

Question 10

10. If your ________ is activated, you will feel relatively at ease.
    somatic nervous system
    sympathetic nervous system
    parasympathetic nervous system
    spinal cord

Answer 10

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 11

11. The central nervous system is comprised of ________.
    sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
    organs and glands
    somatic and autonomic nervous systems
    brain and spinal cord

Answer 11

brain and spinal cord

Question 12

12. Sympathetic activation is associated with ________.
    pupil dilation
    storage of glucose in the liver
    increased heart rate
    both A and C

Answer 12

both A and C

Question 13

13. The ________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing.
    amygdala
    hippocampus
    hypothalamus
    thalamus

Answer 13

thalamus

Question 14

14. Damage to the ________ disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one’s ability to produce words intact.
    amygdala
    Broca’s Area
    Wernicke’s Area
    occipital lobe

Answer 14

wernicke’s area

Question 15

15. A(n) ________ uses magnetic fields to create pictures of a given tissue.
    EEG
    MRI
    PET scan
    CT scan

Answer 15

MRI

Question 16

16. Which of the following is not a structure of the forebrain?
    thalamus
    hippocampus
    amygdala
    substantia nigra

Answer 16

substantia nigra

Question 17

17. The two major hormones secreted from the pancreas are:
    estrogen and progesterone
    norepinephrine and epinephrine
    thyroxine and oxytocin
    glucagon and insulin

Answer 17

glucagon and insulin

Question 18

18. The ________ secretes messenger hormones that direct the function of the rest of the endocrine glands.
    ovary
    thyroid
    pituitary
    pancreas

Answer 18

pituitary

Question 19

19. The ________ gland secretes epinephrine.
    adrenal
    thyroid
    pituitary
    master

Answer 19

adrenal

Question 20

20. The ________ secretes hormones that regulate the body’s fluid levels.
    adrenal
    pituitary
    testes
    thyroid

Answer 20

pituitary