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Chem 4 > Chapter three and four > Flashcards

Chapter three and four Flashcards

1
Q

Pure substances have a ____ or _____ composition

A

fixed or definite

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2
Q

_______ contain two or more different substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

A

Mixtures

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3
Q

Higher densities mean the particles are _______

A

closely packed together

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4
Q

Lower densities mean that the particles are _______

A

farther apart

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5
Q

Are elements pure substances?

A

Yes

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6
Q

A ______ that is composed of two or more elements is always combined in the same proportion

A

Compound

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7
Q

An _____ is composed of one type of atom

A

Element

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8
Q

A ____ is a type of matter that consists of two more substances that are physically mixed but not chemically combined

A

mixture

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9
Q

Are mixtures two or more substances in different proportions that can be separated by physical methods?

A

Yes

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10
Q

A ______ mixture has uniform composition throughout the sample

A

homogeneous

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11
Q

In a ______ mixture, the different parts of the mixture are not visible

A

homogeneous (not visible…homosexuals used to be not visible) i.e brass

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12
Q

In a ______ mixture, the composition varies from one part of the mixture to the other. I.e water and copper

A

Heterogenous

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13
Q

Is air a mixture or pure substance?

A

Homogenous mixture

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14
Q

What has a definite shape, volume, and the particles are held close together by strong attractive forces?

A

Solids

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15
Q

____ have particles that are arranged in a rigid pattern and can only vibrate slowly in fixed positions

A

solids

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16
Q

What has a definite volume, but not a definite shape?

A

Liquids

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17
Q

What takes the same shape as their container with particles that move slowly in random directions?

A

Liquids

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18
Q

What has an indefinite shape and volume, but takes the same shape and volume as their container?

A

Gases

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19
Q

What has particles that are far apart, move at high speeds, and have little attraction to each other?

A

Gases

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20
Q

Are boiling and freezing points physical or chemical properties?

A

Physical

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21
Q

Is density a chemical property?

A

No, physical

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22
Q

______ properties should be observed or measured without changing the identity of a substance

A

Physical

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23
Q

_____ properties describe the ability of a substance to interact with other substances and to change into a new substance

A

Chemical

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24
Q

In a chemical change, the original substance is turned into one or m ore new substances with new and physical properties. True or false?

A

True

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25
During a chemical change, a new substance forms that has a new ______, new ____ properties, and new ______ properties
composition, physical, chemical
26
Iron nails rusting(Fe2O3) is a ____ change
chemical
27
F to C formula is=
times the F temperature by 1.8 and add 32
28
C to F formula is=
subtract 32 from the F temperature and divide that by 1.8
29
_______ energy is the energy of motion
kinetic
30
______ energy is determined by the position of an object or its chemical composition
Potential (i.e the water building behind a dam)
31
Heat is energy. True or false
True
32
With heat, the energy is associated with the ____ of particles
motion
33
The faster the particles move, the greater the _____ or thermal energy of the substance
heat
34
What is the SI unit of energy?
Joule (J)
35
1kj = _____J
1,000J
36
1cal = ______J
4.184 (exact)
37
1kcal = ______cal
1,000
38
The unit ____ is defined by the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1'C
calorie
39
How many calories are obtained from a pat of butter if it provides 150J of energy when metabolized
36cal
40
Is specific heat the same for all substances?
No.
41
____ ____ is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of exactly 1g or a substance by 1'C
Specific Heat
42
Specific heat uses which units in the SI and metric system?
SI= J/g'c and metric= cal/g'c
43
SH formula?
SH = heat divided by (mass)(temp change)
44
In the periodic table, the letter A is used to label the representative elements 1A-8A. True or false?
True
45
Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr are _____ metals and are in group ___
Alkali (representative element) group 1A
46
Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra are _____ ____ metals and are in group _____
alkaline earth metals, group 2A
47
F, Cl, Br, I, At, and Ts are _____ and are in group ____
Halogens, group 7A
48
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, and Og are ____ and are in group _____
Noble gases, group 8A
49
Li is _____
Lithium
50
Na is _____
Sodium
51
K is ______
Potassium
52
Cl is ____
Chlorine
53
Br is ____
Bromine
54
I is ______
Iodine
55
Mg is _____
magnesium
56
_____ are ductile, malleable, good conductors of electricity, and solid at room temperature
Metals
57
_____ melt at much higher temperatures than nonmetals
Metals
58
Are most metals dull?
No, most are shiny
59
True or false, nonmetals have low melting points and low densities
True
60
Are nonmetals dull, not easily stretched or broken?
Yes
61
Are non metals good conductors of heat and electricity?
No
62
_______ such as B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, At, and Ts, exhibit some properties typical of metals and some typical of nonmetals
Metalloids
63
Metalloids are..... (describe)
Better conductors than nonmetals, but not as good as metals. Are semiconductors because they can be modified to function as conductors or insulators.
64
Which four elements make up 96% of our body mass?
Calcium, Potassium, Phosphorous, Sodium, Magnesium, chlorine, and Sulfur (Ca, P, K, Cl, S, Na, and Mg)
65
What is the smallest particle of an element that retains characteristics of that element?
Atom
66
Are all atoms of a given element identical to one another but different from atoms of other elements?
Yes
67
Atoms can never be....
Created or destroyed
68
Atoms of two or more different elements combine to form ______. A particular _____ is always made up of the same kinds of atoms and the same number of each kind of atom
Compounds
69
Protons, neutrons and electrons are called ____ ____
Subatomic particles
70
Two positive charges will ____ each other
Repel
71
Two negative charges will _____ each other
repel
72
One neg and one positive will ____ each other
attract
73
Atoms contain a nucleus, which is a small and ______ charged region in the center
Positive
74
The region of space surrounding the nucleus of the atom is occupied by _____
electrons
75
Do atoms have mass?
Yes
76
A proton has a mass of about 1 amu, along with the mass of a neutron. Which one is slightly heavier?
The neutron (1.008amu) proton (1.007)
77
What is the mass of an electron?
0.00055 amu
78
In an tom, the _____ is found outside the nucleus, the ______ has a positive charge, and the ______ has no charge
Electron, proton, neutron
79
Iodine symbol:
I
80
Iron symbol:
Fe
81
Magnesium symbol:
Mg
82
zinc symbol:
Zn
83
Lithium symbol
Li
84
Phosphorous symbol:
P
85
Argon symbol:
Ar
86
Beryllium symbol:
Be
87
Potassium symbol:
K
88
Mercury is a _____ at room temp.
liquid
89
All atoms of an element have the same number of _______ and the same atomic number(which is NOT atomic mass)
protons
90
Atomic number = number of ____
protons
91
The atomic number appears _____ the symbol of an element on the PT
above
92
Carbon has the atomic number 6, so every C has ___ protons
6
93
Copper has atomic number 29 so, every CU atom has 29 protons. True?
Yes
94
DO the number of protons equal the number of electrons?
Yes
95
Atoms of any element have a net charge of ____
zero
96
The mass number represents the number of ____ and ____ combined
protons and neutrons
97
The mass number represents the number of _____ in the _____
particles in the nucleus
98
____ are atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers.
Isotopes
99
Do isotopes have different numbers of protons or neutrons?
Neutrons. Same number of protons.
100
When drawing an atomic symbol, does the mass number goes on the upper or lower left side?
Upper
101
_____ electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level
Valence
102
the ____ ____ is indicative of the number of valence electrons for the representative elements
Group number (1A-8A)
103
heat fusion= 80cal/g. formula to find heat fusion?
?

Chem 4 (15 decks)

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