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Chem 4 > Chaptet 10: Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Chaptet 10: Acids and Bases Flashcards

1
Q

Arrhenius Acids produce ___ ions when they dissolve in water

A

H+

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2
Q

Arrhenius acids are also considered ______ because they produce H+ in water

A

Electrolytes

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3
Q

Acids taste _____, Bases taste _____

A

Acids: sour
Bases: bitter and chalky

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4
Q

Acids turn blue litmus paper ____

A

red

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5
Q

Do acids corrode some metals?

A

Yes

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6
Q

When do you name acids with the prefix HYDRO and end with -ic acid?

A

When the acid has a hydrogen ion and a nonmetal. ex: H+ and CN- becomes Hydrochloric acid

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7
Q

When do you change the name of an acid from “ate” to -ic acid and “ite” to -ous acid?

A

When H+ and a polyatomic ion are present. I.e ClO3 is Chlorate and ClO2 is chlorite

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8
Q

What is the anion and name of the anion of Hydrochloric Acid?

A

Cl- (chloride)

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9
Q

What is the name of HBr?

A

Hydrobromic Acid

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10
Q

What is the name of the acid H2CO3?

A

Carbonic Acid

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11
Q

What is the name of the acid HBrO2?

A

Bromous acid

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12
Q

Google “naming acid and bases worksheet with answers” for practice

A

…

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13
Q

Arrhenius bases produce _____ in water

A

Hydroxide ions (OH-)

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14
Q

Are bases electrolytes? Why?

A

Yes, because they produce OH- in water

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15
Q

Bases feel _____ and _____

A

soapy and slippery

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16
Q

Bases turn litmus indicator paper ____ and phenolphthalein indicator ____

A

Blue and Pink

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17
Q

Naming bases is just the name followed by _____

A

hydroxide. Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide, etc.

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18
Q

What is the name of HNO2?

A

Nitrous acid

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19
Q

What is the name of Ca(OH)2?

A

Calcium Hydroxide. (note the OH in the formula, indicating it’s a base)

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20
Q

What is the name of H2SO4?

A

Sulfuric acid (note the H in the beginning of the formula, indicating it’s an acid)

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21
Q

What is the name of HIO3?

A

Iodic Acid

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22
Q

What is the name of NaOH?

A

Sodium hydroxide

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23
Q

According to the Bronsted-Lowry acid and base theory, Acids donate ___ and bases accept the ____

A

H+

(HCl + h2o —–> h3O+ + Cl-)
The H in HCl went to the h2o and became H3O-, causing the Cl to become Cl- Donate and Accept.

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24
Q

In the reaction of ammonia and water, _____ acts as the base that accepts the H+ and _____ acts as the acid that donates the H+

A

NH3 and H2O. Both NH3 and H2O contain that H+ so remember that the H in NH3 takes the H from the water and becomes NH4+

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25
Which is the base and which is the acid? HNO3 + H2O -----> H3O+ + NO3-
H2O is the base that accepts the H+ and the HNO3 is the acid that donates the H+
26
Write the conjugate base for this acid: HBr
HBr: H+ + Br-
27
Google conjugate base and acid worksheets for practice (stick to the ones we already use, Br, Cl, NH, H2O, etc.)
:-)
28
Weak acids _____ dissociate in water
Partially
29
Of the halogen acids, which one is the only weak one?
Hydrofluoric acid.
30
A _____ acid completely ionizes in aqueous solutions
strong
31
Name this strong acid: HI
Hydrioiodic acid
32
Name this strong acid: HBr
Hydrobromic acid
33
Name this strong acid: HClO4
Perchloric acid
34
Name this strong acid: HCl
Hydrochloric acid
35
Name this strong acid: H2SO4
Sulfuric acid
36
Name this strong acid: HNO3
Nitric acid
37
Name this strong acid: H3O+
Hydronium ion
38
In weak acids, only a few molecules _____
dissociate
39
In weak acids, the concentrations of H3O+ and the anion are ____ whereas in strong acids, the concentrations are ____
Low and high.
40
Name this weak acid: HSO4-
Hydrogen sulfate ion
41
Name this weak acid: H3PO4
Phosphoric acid
42
Name this weak acid: HNO2
Nitrous acid
43
Name this weak acid: HF
Hydrofluoric acid (the only weak halogen acid)
44
Name this weak acid: HC2H3O2
Acetic acid (will probably be on exam)
45
Name this weak acid: H2CO3
Carbonic acid
46
Name this weak acid: H2S
Hyrdosulfuric acid
47
Name this weak acid: NH4+
Ammonium ion
48
Strong bases are formed from which groups on the periodic table?
1A and 2A
49
Do strong bases dissociate completely in water?
Yes
50
Do some strong bases include LiOH, NaOH, Ba(OH)2 and HCl?
All except HCl, which is an acid. (note, common bases will have OH, acids H)
51
A weak base means a weak _____
electrolyte
52
Weak bases include _____, _____, and ______
NH3, Na2CO3, and Na3PO4
53
Weak bases produce few ____ in a solution
ions
54
Is Hbr a weak or strong acid?
Strong acid
55
is HNO2 weak or strong? Acid or Base?
Weak acid
56
Is NaOH weak or strong? acid or base?
Strong base
57
Is H2SO4 weak or strong? acid or base?
Strong acid
58
Is Cu(OH)2 weak or strong? acid or base?
Weak base
59
Which one is stronger? HNO2 or H2S?
HNO2
60
nice video on acids and bases: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/acids-and-bases-topic/acids-and-bases/v/strong-acids-and-strong-bases
:)
61
In an equilibrium reaction, ____ reactions are taking place, and a reversible reaction proceeds in both the ____ and ___ directions
Two reactions; both forward and reverse
62
When is equilibrium reached?
When there are no further changes in the concentrations of reactants and products, and the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse action
63
Water is amphoteric, meaning?
It can act as both an acid ora base
64
In water, ___ is transferred from one H2O molecule to another
H+
65
In water, one ____ acts as an acid while another acts as a base
molecule
66
In the equation for the dissociation of ____, there is both a forward and a reverse reaction
Water
67
In pure _____, the concentrations of H3O+ and OH- at 25"C are each 1.0 x 10^-7M.
Water
68
Look up worksheets on calculating H3O+, OH- and the pH "Kw"
:)
69
When is water acidic or basic?
If H3O+ and OH- are equal, the solution is neutral. When H3O+ is greater than OH-, the solution is acidic and vice versa.
70
When H3O+ or OH- is increased in a solution, what happens?
The other one decreases.
71
If H3O+ in a solution is increased, what happens to the OH-
The OH- decreases and the H3O+ exceeds 1.0 x 10^-7
72
Stopping at slide 110 out 144 due to not being sure if we need to know acids and Hydroxides
:(

Chem 4 (15 decks)

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