Chapter Two Flashcards
(39 cards)
genes
basic units of biological info
heredity
the way genes transmit physiological, anatomical and behavioral traits from parent to offspring
genetics
the science of heredity
artificial selection
purposeful control over mating by choice of parents for the next generation
blended inheritance
the idea that parental traits become mixed and forever changed in the offspring
self fertilization
both egg and pollen come from same plant
cross fertilization
using two individuals for fertilizatoin
discrete traits
no intermediate form
continuous traits
intermediates form
true breeding/ pure breeding
traits that remain constant from generation to generation
true breeding also known as
inbreeding
hybrids
offspring of genetically dissimilar parents
reciproca cross
he reversed traits of male and female parents
progeny of P is
F1, first filial
monohybrid
experiments involving hybrids for a single trait,
individuals having two different alleles for a single trait
alleles
alternative forms of a single gene
gametes
haploid, either egg or sperm
zygote
fertilized egg
law of segregation
the two alleles for each trait separate during gamete formation, and then unite at random, one from each parent , at fertilization
segregation
separating equally
product rule
the probability of two or more independent events occurring together is the product of probabilities that each event will occur by itself
key word is and
sum rule
the probability of either of two such mutually exclusive events occurring is the sum of their individual probabilities
keyword is or
phenotype
physical
genotype
actual pair of alleles