CHAPTER2 (Male Reproductive System)

Question 1

The _______ is located in the sub-anal position and divided into two-halves by a scrotal raphe.

Answer 1

Scrotum

Question 2

The ________ has a protective and thermoregulation function maintaining a temperature of 3-4ºC lower than that of the rest of the body

Answer 2

scrotum

Question 3

The scrotum is located in the sub-anal position and divided into two-halves by a _____ _____.

Answer 3

scrotal raphe

Question 4

The paired organs are usually ovoid or walnut shaped. They are the primary organs of reproduction in the male.

Answer 4

Testis (Testes)

Question 5

are very large and rounded (oval) in shape with the long axis (distal end) directed upward and backward.

Answer 5

testes

Question 6

The____ are composed of seminiferous tubules, which is the producing unit

Answer 6

testicles

Question 7

these tubules are organized into lobes. Inside the tubules, sperm cells will be formed, these tubules are covered by a seminiferous epithelium

Answer 7

Seminiferous tubules

Question 8

seminiferous tubules, which is the producing unit, these tubules are organized into lobes. Inside the tubules, sperm cells will be formed, these tubules are covered by a ________ _______

Answer 8

seminiferous epithelium

Question 9

Seminiferous epithelium formed mainly by:

Answer 9

Leydig cells
Sertoli cells
Germ cells

Question 10

which secrete the male sex hormone (progesterone)

Answer 10

Leydig cells

Question 11

play a fundamental role in testicular development as they nourish and protect germ cells.

Answer 11

Sertoli cells

Question 12

The proliferation of these cells during the first week after birth is responsible in the formation of seminiferous tubules

Answer 12

Germ cells

Question 13

This cells are responsible for carrying out spermatogenesis, through a series of mitotic missions, followed by the series of mitotic divisions ending with a results of a _______ cell.

Answer 13

Germ cells

Question 14

-The __________ is composed of a single, tortuously coiled tubule that is essential for the storage, maturation, and transport of sperm.

Answer 14

epididymis

Question 15

The testis is suspended in the scrotum by the ______ _______, the cord extends from the abdominal inguinal ring to each attachment at the dorsal in of the testis

Answer 15

spermatic cord

Question 16

The _____ _____ is simply a continuation of the epididymis to the pelvic urethra

Answer 16

Ductus deferens (Vas deferens)

Question 17

Its primary function is to transport spermatozoa from the epididymis to the urethra.

Answer 17

Ductus deferens

Question 18

is a slight enlargement at the end of the ductus deferens

Answer 18

Ampulla

Question 19

are paired accessory glands located on the floor of the pelvis, lateral to the ampulla or ductus deferens and the neck of the bladder.

Answer 19

seminal vesicles (vesicular glands)

Question 20

They secrete a fluid that adds volume and nutrients to the semen

Answer 20

Seminal vesicles (vesicular gland)

Question 21

is a single, compound tubulo-alveolar gland that releases fluid that mixes with the seminal fluid and nourishes the sperm.

Answer 21

Prostate glands

Question 22

A gland that secrete an alkaline fluid and releases a fluid into the urethra that cleanses and neutralizes it to allow the sperm to survive the passage to the penis.

Answer 22

bulbo-urethral glands or Cowper’s gland

Question 23

In the male, the excretory canal for both urine and semen.

Answer 23

Urethra

Question 24

The male organ of copulation

Answer 24

Penis

Question 25

The _______ is composed essentially of erectile tissue which encloses the penile urethra.

Answer 25

Penis

Question 26

This S-curved muscle extends the penis outside the body during mating.

Answer 26

Sigmoid flexure

Question 27

is a double invagination of skin which contains and covers the free, or prescrotal, portion of the penis when not erect and covers part of the body of the penis behind the glans when the penis

Answer 27

prepuce

Question 28

In the foreskin we can find two blind sacs, called _______ _____ where urine and remains of previous ejaculation accumulates, in addition in the foreskin are a present of series of ________ ____

Answer 28

Preputial sacs Preputial hairs

Question 29

Sperm are generated in the testicles by a process called ______________.

Answer 29

Spermatogenesis

Question 30

which give rise to sperm or the cell that will become gamete

Answer 30

Germ cells

Question 31

The germ cell found in male are called ____________

Answer 31

spermatogonium

Question 32

which support and provide nutrients, structural and metabolic support to the germ cells.

Answer 32

Sertoli cells

Question 33

produces two genetically identical "daughter" cells from a single "parent" cell, whereas

Answer 33

Mitosis

Question 34

produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and contain only half as much DNA

Answer 34

Meiosis

Question 35

the spermatogonia divide, giving rise to primary spermatocytes, which are bound together to facilitate biochemical interactions and synchronized germline maturation.

Answer 35

Proliferation

Question 36

the spermatids mature and give rise to spermatozoa.

Answer 36

Differentiation or spermiogenesis

Question 37

This is the initial phase where spermatogonial stem cells, which reside to the outer wall of the seminiferous tubules, undergo mitotic division to produce spermatogonia

Answer 37

Spermatocytogenisis

Question 38

• Some spermatogonia enter a series of mitotic divisions, resulting in primary spermatocytes.

Answer 38

Spermatogonial Mitosis

Question 39

The primary spermatocytes undergo the first mitotic divisions to produce two haploid secondary spermatocytes

Answer 39

Meiosis I

Question 40

The secondary spermatocytes further divide through the second mitotic divisions to produce spermatids, which are also haploid

Answer 40

Meiosis II

Question 41

Spermatids transform into mature spermatozoa through a series of development processes, including the formation of acrosomes, condensation of nuclear chromatins, development of flagella and shedding of excess cytoplasm

Answer 41

Spermiogenesis

Question 42

Mature spermatozoa are released into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.

Answer 42

Spermiation

Question 43

Act on leydig cell and stimulates synthesis and secretion of androgens, which stimulates spermatogenesis

Answer 43

Luteinizing Hormone

Question 44

Acts on Sertoli cells and stimulates the secretion of some factors which help in the process of spermatogenesis

Answer 44

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Question 45

genetic reservoir and protective barrier. It houses the cell nucleus, which contains the genetic information transmitted by the progenitor.

Answer 45

Head

Question 46

the key to fertilization. Located in the apical region of the head, the _______ plays a central catalytic role. It contains hydrolytic enzymes that, once released after the acrosomal reaction, facilitate the process of fusion of the sperm with the oocyte.

Answer 46

Acrosome

Question 47

energy center and motor apparatus. It is the structure that enables sperm movement, and consists of two parts:

Answer 47

Tail or flagellum

Question 48

this is the proximal part of the flagellum and serves as an anchor with the head.

Answer 48

Neck and midpiece

Question 49

this is the structure that acts as the sperm's propulsion mechanism, using curving movements of the flagellum to produce vigorous and directional movements, allowing the sperm to advance toward the ovule.

Answer 49

Axonema or distal part

Question 50

Each testis weighs between ___ and ___ grams.

Answer 50

Each testis weighs between 500 and 800 grams.

Question 51

These cells during fetal development are responsible for sexual differentiation

Answer 51

Sertoli cells

Question 52

is very long in proportion to the size of the animal and the position of the testis (__ to __ cm).

Answer 52

spermatic cord - 20 to 25 cm

Question 53

The combination of the sperm with the fluids from the seminal vesicles and prostate gland is referred to as ______.

Answer 53

Semen

Question 54

In the swine species, spermatogenesis lasts approximately __-__ days, with __-__ days for spermatogenesis itself and __-__ days for maturation and transport from the testicle to the epididymis.

Answer 54

In the swine species, spermatogenesis lasts approximately 50-55 days, with 35-40 days for spermatogenesis itself and 10-16 days for maturation and transport from the testicle to the epididymis.