Chapter4 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Cell membrane
the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
Cell theory
cells are the basic unit of structure in all organisms and also the basic unit of reproduction
Cytoplasm
the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Eukaryote
an organism consisting of a cell or cells
Eukaryotic cell
An organism whose cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a membrane
Nucleus
the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
Organ
a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.
Organelle
any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Organ system
a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.
Prokaryote
ny of the typically unicellular microorganisms that lack a distinct nucleus
Prokaryotic cells
lack a distinct cell nucleus and their DNA is not organized into chromosomes.
Ribosome
a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cell
Tissue
any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
a nucleoside triphosphate, a small molecule used in cells as a coenzyme.
Cell wall
a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
Central vacuole
a cellular organelle found in plant cells
Centriole
a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells
Cytoskeleton
a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell
Golgi apparatus
a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells
Lysosome
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Mitochondrion
an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur
Vacuole
a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
Vesicles
a fluid- or air-filled cavity or sac, in particular.
