Chapter4 Lesson 1-3 Flashcards
(20 cards)
A specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring through its genes.
Trait
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Heredity
The scientific study of heredity.
Genetics
The process in sexual reproduction in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new cell.
Fertilization
An offspring of many generations that have the same form of a trait
Purebred
A sequence of DNA that determines a trait and is passed from parent to offspring.
Gene
The different forms of a gene.
Alleles
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
Dominant allele
An allele that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present
Recessive alleles
An offspring of crosses that has two different alleles for a trait
Hybrid
A number that describes how likely it is that a particular event will occur.
Probability
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
Punnet square
An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits.
Phenotype
An organism’s genetic makeup, or allele combinations.
Genotype
Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.
Homozygous
Having two different alleles for a particular gene.
Heterozygous
A situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele.
Incomplete dominance
A situation in which both alleles for a gene are expressed equally.
Codominance
Three or more possible alleles of a gene that determine a trait.
Multiple alleles
The inheritance of traits that are controlled by two or more genes, such as height in humans.
Polygenic inheritance
