Characteristics of Lower Extremity Ulcers- Arterial Insufficiency, Venous Insufficiency and Neuropathic Ulcers

Question 1

location of arterial insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 1

lower 1/3 of leg, toes, web spaces (distal toes, dorsal foot and lateral malleolus)

Question 2

what type of lower extremity ulcer typically occurs on the lower 1/3 of the leg and or web spaces (distal toes, dorsal toes, lateral malleolus)?

Answer 2

arterial insufficiency ulcer

Question 3

describe the appearance of an arterial insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 3

smooth edges, well defined, lack of granulation tissue
tend to be deep

Question 4

what type of lower extremity ulcer typically has smooth edges, is well defined, lacks granulation tissue and tends to be deep?

Answer 4

arterial insufficiency ulcer

Question 5

describe the amount of exudate associated with an arterial insufficiency ulcer

Answer 5

minimal

Question 6

what type of lower extremity ulcer has minimal exudate?

Answer 6

arterial insufficiency ulcer

Question 7

describe the severity of pain associated with arterial insufficiency ulcers

Answer 7

severe

Question 8

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with severe pain?

Answer 8

arterial insufficiency ulcer

Question 9

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing pedal pulses in a patient with arterial insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 9

diminished or absent pedal pulses

Question 10

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing edema in a patient with arterial insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 10

normal/no presence of edema

Question 11

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing skin temperature in a patient with arterial insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 11

decreased skin temperature

Question 12

what would a physical therapist expect to find when observing/assessing skin, hair and nails in a patient with arterial insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 12

skin: thin and shiny
hair loss
yellow nails

Question 13

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with thin and shiny skin, hair loss and yellow nails?

Answer 13

arterial insufficiency ulcer

Question 14

leg elevation __ pain in patients with arterial insuffiency ulcer

Answer 14

increases

Question 15

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with increased pain with leg elevation?

Answer 15

arterial insufficiency ulcer

Question 16

location of venous insufficiency ulcers?

Answer 16

proximal to the medial malleolus

Question 17

what type of lower extremity ulcer is typically located proximal to the medial malleolus?

Answer 17

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 18

describe the appearance of a venous insufficiency ulcer

Answer 18

irregular shape, shallow

Question 19

what type of lower extremity ulcer is typically irregular in shape and shallow?

Answer 19

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 20

describe the amount of exudate associated with a venous insufficiency ulcer

Answer 20

moderate/heavy

Question 21

describe the severity of pain associated with a venous insufficiency ulcer

Answer 21

mild to moderate

Question 22

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with moderate to heavy exudate?

Answer 22

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 23

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with mild to moderate pain?

Answer 23

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 24

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing pedal pulses in a patient with a venous insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 24

normal pedal pulses

Question 25

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing edema in a patient with a venous insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 25

presence of swelling/increased edema

Question 26

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with normal pedal pulses upon assessment?

Answer 26

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 27

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with increased edema/presence of swelling upon assessment?

Answer 27

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 28

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing skin in a patient with a venous insufficiency ulcer?

Answer 28

flaking, dry skin brownish discoloration

Question 29

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with flaking, dry skin and brownish discoloration?

Answer 29

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 30

pain __ with leg elevation in patients with venous insufficiency ulcer

Answer 30

lessens

Question 31

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with decreased leg pain with leg elevation?

Answer 31

venous insufficiency ulcer

Question 32

location of neuropathic ulcers?

Answer 32

areas of the foot susceptible to pressure or shear forces during weight bearing

Question 33

what type of lower extremity ulcer is typically located on areas of the foot susceptible to pressure or shear forces during weight bearing?

Answer 33

neuropathic ulcers

Question 34

describe the appearance of a neuropathic ulcer

Answer 34

well-defined oval or circle callused rim, cracked periwound tissue little to no wound bed necrosis with good granulation

Question 35

what type of lower extremity ulcer is typically a well-defined oval or circle with a callused rim, cracked periwound tissue, little to no wound bed and potentially necrosis with good granulation?

Answer 35

neuropathic ulcer

Question 36

describe the amount of exudate associated with a neuropathic ulcer

Answer 36

low to moderate

Question 37

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with low to moderate exudate?

Answer 37

neuropathic ulcer

Question 38

describe the severity of pain associated with neuropathic ulcers?

Answer 38

none, but dysesthesia may be reported

Question 39

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with no pain, with dysthesia potentially being reported?

Answer 39

neuropathic ulcer

Question 40

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing pedal pulses in a patient with a neuropathic ulcer?

Answer 40

diminished or absent

Question 41

when assessing ankle-brachial index in a patient with a neuropathic ulcer and diabetes, are the results typically reliable?

Answer 41

no, they are unreliable

Question 42

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing edema in a patient with a neuropathic ulcer?

Answer 42

normal/no edema

Question 43

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing skin temperature in a patient with a neuropathic ulcer?

Answer 43

decreased skin temperature

Question 44

what two types of lower extremity ulcers are associated with decreased skin temperature?

Answer 44

arterial insufficiency and neuropathic ulcers

Question 45

what two types of lower extremity ulcers are associated with diminished/absent pedal pulses?

Answer 45

arterial insufficiency and neuropathic ulcers

Question 46

what two types of lower extremity ulcers are associated with normal/no edema?

Answer 46

arterial insufficiency and neuropathic ulcers

Question 47

what would a physical therapist expect to find when assessing skin in a patient with a neuropathic ulcer?

Answer 47

dry, inelastic, shiny skin with decreased/absent sweat and oil production

Question 48

what type of lower extremity ulcer is associated with dry, inelastic, shiny skin with decreased/absent sweat and oil production?

Answer 48

neuropathic ulcer

Question 49

neuropathic ulcer results in loss of __ sensation

Answer 49

protective sensation

Question 50

what type of lower extremity ulcer results in loss of protective sensation?

Answer 50

neuropathic ulcer

Question 51

what are the three main types of lower extremity ulcers?

Answer 51

arterial insufficiency venous insufficiency neuropathic