Characteristics Of Tissues Flashcards
(25 cards)
Tissues
Group of similar cells,
Preform specific structural and physiological role.
Epithelial tissue -Function
covers and protects other tissues from any injuries, pathogens and dehydration
absorbs nutrients and other substances
Epithelial tissue- structure
Cells are closely together, with minimal extra space.
Layers:
Simple epithelium – One cell layer thick (for absorption, filtration).
Shape of cells:
Squamous – Flat and thin.
Cuboidal – Cube-shaped.
Columnar – Tall and column-like.
Location of Epithelial tissue
Skin surface (epidermis)
Lining of body cavities (e.g., mouth, nose, anus)
Lining of internal organs (e.g., stomach, intestines, lungs)
Simple epithelial
single layer = delicate jobs like filtering or absorbing
One single layer of cells
Thin and good for exchange of materials like gases or nutrients
Eg. Lining of lungs (for gas exchange)
Lining of blood vessels
Compound epithelial
Many layers of cells
Thick and stronger
tough jobs like protecting against damage
Eg. Skin surface,
Function of connective tissues
Connects body parts (e.g., muscles to bones)
Protects organs (e.g., skull protects the brain)
Stores energy (eg., fat)
Structure of Connective tissue
Cells: Different types like:
Fat cells
Blood cells
Bone cells
Structure of Connective tissue 2
Fibers:
Collagen (strong)
Elastic (stretchy)
Reticular (supportive mesh)
Location of Connective Tissue:
Under the skin
Bones and cartilage
Fat (adipose tissue)
What is blood
bloods consists of straw-coloured plasma (the matrix), in which serveal types of blood cells are carried.
What is cartilage
this is a smooth, translucent, firm substance that protects bone ends from friction during movement
forms that major part of the nose and external ear flaps, and pinnae.
What is bone?
Bone is harder substance than cartilage but it can be worn away by friction.
Muscle tissue- function
Movement of the body (e.g., walking, running)
Pumping blood (by the heart)
Muscle tissue -structure
Made up of muscle cells (also called muscle fibers)
These cells are long, thin, and stretchy
They can contract (shorten) and relax to cause movement
types of Muscle tissues -
1. Striated muscle- Skeletal Muscle
Has stripes (called striations) under a microscope
Control: Voluntary – you control it
Function: Moves your bones and
body (walking, lifting, etc.)
Location: Attached to bones
types of Muscle tissues -
Non Striated Muscle (Also called Smooth Muscle):
No stripes (smooth-looking under microscope)
Control: Involuntary – you don’t control it
Function: Moves things inside your body (like food or urine)
Location: In the walls of organs like stomach, intestines, bladder
types of Muscle tissues- cardiac
Has stripes, but cells are branched
Control: Involuntary – your heart beats on its own
Function: Pumps blood throughout the body
Location: Only in the heart
Nervous tissue- functuon
Receives messages from inside and outside the body
Sends signals to muscles and organs to respond
Controls and coordinates body activities
Helps feel, think, move and react
Structure of Nervous system-1
Made up of two main types of cells:
Neurons (nerve cells):
Long, thin cells
Have three parts:
Dendrites – receive messages
Cell body – processes the message
Axon – sends the message to other cells
Structureof nervous system 2
Location
- Neuroglia (supporting cells):
• Help protect, feed, and support neurons
Location- brain, spinal cord, nerves
Ciliated Epithelium-Structure and function, location
Structure: One layer of tall cells with tiny hair-like parts called cilia
Function: The cilia move things along (like dust or eggs).
Location-
Trachea (windpipe) – moves mucus and dust out of lungs.
Fallopian tubes – moves egg to the uterus.
Simple Epithelium- Structure, function, location
Structure- one single layer of cells.
Function- helps with absorption , secretion and filtration
Location- Lungs, Kidneys, intestines
Compound Epithelium- Structure, function, location
Structure- has many layers not just one
Function- Mainly for protection
Location- Skin, mouth lining, oesophagus
