ChatGPT Exam III: Occular

Question 1

What are the most common primary ophthalmic tumors in dogs and cats?

Answer 1

Orbital, eyelid, third eyelid, cornea, uveal, choroidal.

Question 2

What are the signs of orbital neoplasia?

Answer 2

Exophthalmos, third eyelid elevation, strabismus, generally non-painful.

Question 3

What are the common tumors found in dogs with orbital neoplasia?

Answer 3

• Adenocarcinoma
• Fibrosarcoma
• Osteosarcoma
• Meningioma
• Lymphoma

Question 4

What is the most common tumor in cats with orbital neoplasia?

Answer 4

Nasal carcinoma.

Question 5

What diagnostic methods are used for orbital neoplasia?

Answer 5

• Ocular ultrasound
• CT/MRI
• FNA/biopsy

Question 6

What are the treatment options for orbital neoplasia?

Answer 6

• Exenteration
• Orbitotomy for small masses

Question 7

What is the prognosis for orbital neoplasia?

Answer 7

Variable, depends on tumor type and invasion.

Question 8

What is the most common eyelid neoplasia in dogs?

Answer 8

Meibomian gland adenoma (benign, papilloma-like).

Question 9

What are the treatment options for eyelid neoplasia in dogs?

Answer 9

• Cryotherapy
• Wedge excision if large

Question 10

What is the most common eyelid neoplasia in cats and horses?

Answer 10

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC).

Question 11

What are the risk factors for eyelid neoplasia in cats and horses?

Answer 11

UV exposure, lightly pigmented eyelids.

Question 12

What is the treatment for eyelid neoplasia in cats and horses?

Answer 12

• Surgical excision
• Radiation
• Topical chemotherapy (mitomycin C, 5-FU)

Question 13

What are common tumors in third eyelid neoplasia?

Answer 13

• SCC (especially bovine)
• Hemangioma/hemangiosarcoma

Question 14

What is the treatment for third eyelid neoplasia?

Answer 14

• Local excision
• Cryotherapy for hemangiosarcoma

Question 15

What is the most common neoplasia found in the cornea?

Answer 15

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC).

Question 16

In which type of dogs and horses is corneal neoplasia commonly seen?

Answer 16

Brachycephalic dogs and UV-exposed horses.

Question 17

What conditions are linked to corneal neoplasia?

Answer 17

• Chronic keratitis
• KCS
• Immunosuppressive meds

Question 18

What are the treatment options for corneal neoplasia?

Answer 18

• Keratectomy
• Cryotherapy
• Radiation

Question 19

What types of tumors are classified as anterior uveal tumors in dogs?

Answer 19

• Ciliary Body Adenoma/Adenocarcinoma
• Melanoma

Question 20

What is the prognosis for ciliary body tumors in dogs?

Answer 20

Slow-growing, benign.

Question 21

What type of uveal tumor is common in cats?

Answer 21

Diffuse Uveal Melanoma.

Question 22

What is a significant characteristic of lymphoma in the anterior uveal tumors of cats?

Answer 22

Bilateral, often a sign of systemic lymphoma.

Question 23

What is the treatment for progressive anterior uveal tumors?

Answer 23

Enucleation if progressive or causing glaucoma.

Question 24

How aggressive is choroidal melanoma compared to anterior uveal melanoma?

Answer 24

More aggressive.

Question 25

What signs are associated with choroidal melanoma?

Answer 25

Dark fundic lesion, retinal detachment.

Question 26

What is the treatment for choroidal melanoma?

Answer 26

* Enucleation * Metastasis workup

Question 27

What is the first-line treatment for simple corneal ulcers?

Answer 27

NeoPolyBac.

Question 28

What is the diagnosis for Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS)?

Answer 28

Schirmer Tear Test (STT <10 mm/min).

Question 29

What are the treatment options for KCS?

Answer 29

* Cyclosporine/Tacrolimus * Artificial tears

Question 30

What are the signs of FHV keratoconjunctivitis?

Answer 30

Unilateral hyperemia, conjunctivitis, dendritic ulcers.

Question 31

What is the treatment for FHV keratoconjunctivitis?

Answer 31

Cidofovir BID, oral famciclovir.

Question 32

What is a characteristic of a melting ulcer?

Answer 32

Severe keratomalacia, corneal thinning.

Question 33

What is the treatment for a melting ulcer?

Answer 33

Ofloxacin q2h, serum/acetylcysteine.

Question 34

What are the treatments for diabetic cataracts?

Answer 34

* Diclofenac * Prednisolone acetate

Question 35

What are the signs of primary glaucoma?

Answer 35

* Elevated IOP * Cloudy cornea * Mydriasis

Question 36

What is the treatment for primary glaucoma?

Answer 36

Latanoprost q5 min x 1 hr, Dorzolamide-Timolol.

Question 37

What are the signs of anterior uveitis?

Answer 37

* Miosis * Flare * Episcleral congestion

Question 38

What is the treatment for anterior uveitis?

Answer 38

* Pred acetate * Atropine

Question 39

What are the signs of hypertensive retinal detachment in cats?

Answer 39

Acute blindness, dilated pupils.

Question 40

What is the treatment for hypertensive retinal detachment?

Answer 40

Amlodipine, check renal/thyroid.

Question 41

What should you know about first-line treatments in ophthalmology?

Answer 41

Know first-line treatments and contraindications.

Question 42

What are the emergency conditions in ophthalmology?

Answer 42

* Glaucoma * Melting ulcers * Retinal detachment

Question 43

What is important to understand about species differences in ophthalmic diseases?

Answer 43

Understand species differences in ophthalmic diseases.