Chemical analysis Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the primary goal of chemical analysis?
To identify the composition and structure of substances.
True or False: Qualitative analysis determines the quantity of a substance.
False
What type of analysis is used to determine the amount of a chemical in a sample?
Quantitative analysis
Fill in the blank: The technique used to separate mixtures based on differences in their physical or chemical properties is called _______.
chromatography
What is the purpose of a standard solution in chemical analysis?
To provide a known concentration for comparison.
True or False: Titration can be used for both qualitative and quantitative analysis.
True
What is an indicator in titration?
A substance that changes color at a specific pH level.
What is the pH range of acidic solutions?
0 to 7
Fill in the blank: The process of heating a substance to remove water or solvent is called _______.
drying
What is the difference between a reagent and a solvent?
A reagent is used to cause a chemical reaction; a solvent dissolves the solute.
Which technique is used to identify the molecular weight of compounds?
Mass spectrometry
True or False: Gas chromatography is typically used for solid samples.
False
What is the main use of infrared spectroscopy?
To identify functional groups in organic compounds.
Fill in the blank: The law that states that the mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products is known as the law of _______.
conservation of mass
What does the term ‘detection limit’ refer to in analytical chemistry?
The lowest concentration of an analyte that can be reliably detected.
Which type of analysis uses a flame to excite atoms?
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
True or False: Chemical analysis can be performed both qualitatively and quantitatively.
True
What is the main purpose of calibration in analytical methods?
To ensure accuracy and reliability of results.
Fill in the blank: _______ analysis involves the use of chemical reactions to determine the concentration of a substance.
Volumetric
What does HPLC stand for?
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
What is the main advantage of using mass spectrometry?
It provides precise molecular weight and structural information.
True or False: The retention time in chromatography is the time it takes for a compound to pass through the column.
True
What is a chromatogram?
A visual output of chromatographic separation.
Fill in the blank: The process of separating components in a mixture by their different boiling points is called _______.
distillation
