The rate and extent of chemical change Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the definition of the rate of a chemical reaction?
The rate of a chemical reaction is the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time.
True or False: The rate of reaction increases with an increase in temperature.
True
Fill in the blank: The rate of a chemical reaction is affected by factors such as __________, concentration, and surface area.
temperature
What is the effect of increasing concentration on the rate of reaction?
Increasing concentration generally increases the rate of reaction.
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of a chemical reaction? A) Temperature B) Catalyst C) Color D) Concentration
C) Color
What role do catalysts play in chemical reactions?
Catalysts increase the rate of a reaction without being consumed in the process.
True or False: A higher surface area of reactants leads to a slower reaction rate.
False
What is meant by the term ‘activation energy’?
Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.
Short answer: Name one way to increase the surface area of a solid reactant.
By grinding it into a powder.
Fill in the blank: The __________ law states that the rate of a reaction is proportional to the product of the concentrations of the reactants each raised to a power.
rate
What is a reaction mechanism?
A reaction mechanism is a step-by-step description of how a reaction occurs at the molecular level.
True or False: All reactions occur in a single step.
False
What is the effect of temperature on the kinetic energy of molecules?
Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecules.
Multiple choice: Which of the following would likely increase the rate of a reaction? A) Decreasing temperature B) Decreasing surface area C) Increasing concentration D) Removing a catalyst
C) Increasing concentration
What is the difference between ‘rate’ and ‘extent’ of a chemical reaction?
Rate refers to how fast a reaction occurs, while extent refers to how far the reaction proceeds towards completion.
Fill in the blank: The __________ constant is a value that relates the rate of a reaction to the concentrations of reactants.
rate
What is equilibrium in the context of chemical reactions?
Equilibrium is the state in which the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.
True or False: At equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products are always equal.
False
Short answer: What does the term ‘dynamic equilibrium’ mean?
It means that the reactions continue to occur in both directions, but the overall concentrations remain constant.
What is Le Chatelier’s principle?
Le Chatelier’s principle states that if a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change, the system will adjust to counteract that change.
Multiple choice: According to Le Chatelier’s principle, what happens if the concentration of a reactant is increased? A) The equilibrium shifts to the left B) The equilibrium shifts to the right C) There is no effect D) The reaction stops
B) The equilibrium shifts to the right
Fill in the blank: The __________ effect refers to the observation that the rate of reaction increases with increasing temperature.
Arrhenius
True or False: A catalyst changes the activation energy of a reaction.
True
What is the purpose of the Arrhenius equation?
The Arrhenius equation relates the rate constant of a reaction to temperature and activation energy.
