Chemical co-ordination

Question 1

3 types of chemical messengers

Answer 1

i) Neurotraansmitters
ii) pheromones
iii) Hormones

Question 2

Define neurotransmitters

Answer 2

These are chemicals which act at neurons. To stimulate nerve impulse

Question 3

Define Pheromones

Answer 3

These chemical messengers are released from one living to act/excite/signal another living of same specie.

Question 4

Word Hormone origion

Answer 4

Hormone–>Greek–>Hormon——>Excite.

Question 5

Hormones are secreted by the

Answer 5

Glands

Question 6

Types of Hormones on their chemical categories

Answer 6

i) Peptide
ii) protein
iii) Ammino acid
iv) Steroid

Question 7

examples of peptide hormones

Answer 7

ADH

Question 8

example of protein hormones

Answer 8

i) Somatotropin
ii)Insulin
iii)gonadotrpic

Question 9

Example of Ammino acid derivatives hormone

Answer 9

epinephrine, nor epinephrine, melatonin,

Question 10

Ammino acid which are modified.

Answer 10

i) tyrosine
ii) tryptophan

Question 11

Tyrosine modification result

Answer 11

Catecholamine (biogenic amine) ——> at adrenal medulla ——–> epinephrine and nor epinephrine

Question 12

other names of epinephrine and nor epinephrine

Answer 12

adrenaline and nor adrenaline

Question 13

Peptide hormones

Answer 13

i) ADH or Vasopressin
ii) Oxytocin
iii) MSH
iv) ACTH
v) parathormone
vi) calcitonin

Question 14

All posterior pituitary gland hormones are ___________ in chemical category

Answer 14

Peptide hormones

Question 15

Steroid Hormones are

Answer 15

i) Gonads (testes and ovaries) hormones
ii) Adrenal cortex hormones (Cortisone)

Question 16

All hormones secreted from gonads.

Answer 16

i) Testosterone
ii) Estrogen
iii) progesterone

Question 17

All adrenal cortex hormones.

Answer 17

i) Cortisol
ii) Aldosterone
iii) Androgen

Question 18

Pituitary gland is also called_______-

Answer 18

Hypophysis

Question 19

Names of two lobes of pituitary gland.

Answer 19

i)Anterior [adenohypophysis]

ii)Posterior [Neurohypophysis]

Question 20

For What hormone there are its releasing and inhibitory hormone in hypothalamus

Answer 20

Growth stimulating hormone

Question 21

How Pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus.

Answer 21

By stalk called hypophysial portal vein

Question 22

Structure of pituitary gland.

Answer 22

small pea shaped.

Question 23

What are the hormones releasing from anterior pituitary gland collectively called.

Answer 23

Tropic or tropin hormone (because they do act on other hormones).

Question 24

Names of hormones releasing from anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 24

i)GH
ii)Prolactin
iii)MSH
iv)ACTH
V)FSH
vi)LH
vii)TSH

Question 25

Which hormones are released from Thyroid gland?

Answer 25

i)Triiodothyronine[T3]
ii)Tetra-iodothyronine[T4]
also called thyroxin
iii)Calcitonin

Question 26

Functions of t3 and t4

Answer 26

Increase metabolism, Blood rate, glucose breakdown, maintain temperature {Generate heat} ….

Question 27

Increase and decrease of thyroid hormone is called?

Answer 27

i)Hyperthyroidism (increase)

ii) Hypothyroidism (decrease)

Question 28

Hypothyroidism at birth time is termed as…

Answer 28

cretinism: Cause less intelligence, less nourishment and growth.

Question 29

enlargement of thyroid gland is called____-

Answer 29

Goiter: Due to deficiency of iodine. then thyroid try to work efficiently and take more iodine but, in this process, it gets enlarged.

Question 30

Connecting of two lobes of thyroid gland is called_________-

Answer 30

Isthmus

Question 31

Work of calcitonin

Answer 31

Decreasing Calcium level in blood means controlling hypercalcemia by depositing extra calcium in bone.

Question 32

Function of parathormone

Answer 32

Increase the falling level of calcium in blood (inverse of calcitonin). It stimulates osteoclasts to dissolve calcium sulfate crystal and form calcium. and it also targets kidney to reabsorb calcium from urine and activates vitamin D to get calcium from food at small intestine.

Question 33

Function of oxytocin

Answer 33

i) Uterus wall contraction ( labour pain).
ii) Breast tissue contraction (More Lactation) after child birth.
iii) Human behavior and social…..

Question 34

ADH Function

Answer 34

ADH anti diuretic hormone) it reabsorbs water from urine means reduce dehydration by increasing permeability of water in collecting duct.