Chemical elements Flashcards by Emily Hopper

Q

What is the formula of a calcium ion?

A

Ca 2+

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Q

What are calcium ions required for?

A

nerve impulses
muscle contractions

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Q

What is the formula of a sodium ion?

A

Na +

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Q

What are sodium ions required for?

A

nerve impulses
kidney function

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Q

What is the formula of a potassium ion?

A

K +

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Q

What are potassium ions required for?

A

nerve impulses
stomata

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Q

What is the formula of a hydrogen ion?

A

H +

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Q

What are hydrogen ions required for?

A

catalysts
pH determination

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Q

What is the formula of an ammonium ion?

A

NH4 +

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Q

What are ammonium ions required for?

A

needed to make nitrate ions

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Q

What charge do cations have?

A

positive

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Q

What charge do anions have?

A

negative

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Q

What is the formula of a nitrate ion?

A

NO3 -

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Q

What are nitrate ions required for?

A

amino acid formation

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Q

What is the formula of a hydrogen carbonate ion?

A

HCO3 -

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Q

What are hydrogen carbonate ions required for?

A

maintain blood pH

Q

What is the formula of a chloride ion?

A

Cl -

Q

What are chloride ions required for?

A

balance sodium and potassium ions in cells

Q

What is the formula of a phosphate ion?

A

PO4 3-

Q

What are phosphate ions required for?

A

cell membranes
nucleic acids and ATP formation
bone formation

Q

What is the formula of a hydroxide ion?

A

OH -

Q

What are hydroxide ions required for?

A

catalysts
pH determination

Q

What elements do carbohydrates consist of?

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Q

What elements do lipids consist of?

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

What elements do proteins consist of?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur

What elements do nucleic acids consist of?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus