Chemical Equilibrium

Question 1

the term refers to what we might call a “balance of forces”

Answer 1

equilibrium

Question 2

occurs when a reaction and its reverse reaction proceed at the same rate.

Answer 2

Chemical equilibrium

Question 3

A chemical reaction is in equilibrium when there is no tendency for the quantities of reactants and products to change.

Answer 3

Chemical Equilibrium

Question 4

In a system at equilibrium, both the forward and reverse reactions are being carried out; as a result, we write its equation with a double arrow

Answer 4

Depicting Equilibrium

Question 5

stem from the research by Cato Guldberg and Peter Waage (1864-1879)

Answer 5

Law of Mass Action

Question 6

2 aspects of the Law of Mass Action

Answer 6

1) the equilibrium aspect
2) the kinetic aspect

Question 7

concerning the composition of a reaction mixture at equilibrium

Answer 7

equilibrium aspect

Question 8

concerning the rate equations for elementary reactions

Answer 8

kinetic aspect

Question 9

is a dynamic process in which rates of reaction for the forward and backward reactions must be equal.

Answer 9

Chemical equilibrium

Question 10

Gas-phase reactions that use units of partial pressure

Answer 10

Kp

Question 11

Dissociation of water: dissociation constant of water

Answer 11

Kw

Question 12

Dissociation of acids: acid dissociation constant

Answer 12

Ka

Question 13

Reaction of bases with water: base dissociation constant

Answer 13

Kb

Question 14

Solubility of precipitates: solubility product

Answer 14

Ksp

Question 15

is a quantitative measure of the extent of reaction, the relative proportion of products and reactants present in the reaction mixture at some instant of time

Answer 15

Reaction Quotient (Q)

Question 16

“If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature, pressure, or the concentration of one of the components, the system will shift its equilibrium position so as to counteract the effect of the disturbance.”

Answer 16

Le Châtelier’s Principle

Question 17

When the concentration of a product is increased, the reaction proceeds in reverse to decrease the concentration of the products.

Answer 17

Effect of Concentration

Question 18

In reactions where gases are produced, and increase in pressure will force the reaction to move to the left (in reverse).

Answer 18

Effect of Pressure