Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
(19 cards)
What happens when reactants get used up?
The foward reaction slows down.
What happens as more product is being formed?
The reverse reaction speeds up
When do chemical reactions reach a state of dynamic equilibrium?
Only in a closed system
Define kp
Defined by the partial pressures of the gases inside a closed system
If the value of K is larger than 10^3, then what is favoured?
Products
If the value of K is smaller than 10^-3, what is favoured?
Reactants
What does Q describe?
A reaction that is not at equilibrium
A reaction forms products if…?
Q is less than K
A reaction forms reactants if…?
Q is greater than K
What is Le Chatelier’s principle?
If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the change.
If you add a reactant and remove products, what will this do?
The reaction will form products
If you remove reactants and form products, what will this do?
The reaction will form reactants.
What does compressing a reaction mixture at equilibrium do?
Tends to drive the reaction in the direction that reduces the number of gas-phase molecules
If you increase the pressure of a mixture, what will you increase also?
The products
If you decrease the pressure, what will you increase?
The reactants
What direction does an exothermic reaction favour?
Reactants
What direction does an endothermic reaction favour?
Products
What does a catalyst do?
It reduces the time taken to reach equilibrium but does not change the position of the equilibrium
In the Haber process, what catalyst is used?
Iron (Fe)
