Chemical Reactions

Question 1

Are enzymes consumed by the reaction that they catalyze?

Answer 1

NO

Question 2

Do enzymes alter the equilibrium of the reaction?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

Pro-enzyme aka?

Answer 3

zymogen

Question 4

An inactive enzyme precursor which requires a biochemical change for it to become an active enzyme.

Answer 4

Pro-enzyme (zymogen)

Question 5

The protein component of an enzyme to which the coenzyme is attached.

Answer 5

apoenzyme

Question 6

Enzymatic reactions are affected by what three things?

Answer 6

Substrate concentration
PH
temperature

Question 7

The process where there is a loss of hydrogen electrons or a gain of oxygen. OIL GOO

Answer 7

oxidation

Question 8

An enzyme that causes oxygen in a compound to be changed to water.

Answer 8

oxidase

Question 9

An enzyme which oxidases a compound by removing a hydrogen.

Answer 9

dehydrogenase

Question 10

The process in which there is a gain of hydrogen electrons or a loss of oxygen. RIG LOO

Answer 10

reduction

Question 11

An enzyme which adds hydrogen to a compound.

Answer 11

reductase

Question 12

The chemical process by which a carboxyl group is added or displaces a hydrogen atom.

Answer 12

carboxylation

Question 13

The enzyme which catalyzes the addition of a carboxyl group.

Answer 13

carboxylase

Question 14

The process in which a carboxyl group (-COOH) is removed from an organic compound as CO2, and is commonly replaced by a hydrogen atom.

Answer 14

decarboxylation

Question 15

The enzyme that catalyzes the release of CO2 from compounds.

Answer 15

decarboxylase

Question 16

Refers to the cleavage of a compound by the addition of water, they hydroxyl group being incorporated in one fragment and the Hydrogen atom in the other.

Answer 16

Hydrolysis

Question 17

The enzyme that facilitates hydrolysis as in sucrase in the breakdown of sucrose.

Answer 17

hydrolase

Question 18

The process of introducing a phosphate group into an organic molecule.

Answer 18

phosphorylation

Question 19

Enzyme which adds an inorganic phosphate to a substrate without using ATP.

Answer 19

phosphorylase

Question 20

The enzyme that removes a phosphate group from it’s substrate by hydrolyzing phosphoric acid monoester into a phosphate ion and a molecule with a fee hydroxyl group.

Answer 20

phosphatase

Question 21

An enzyme that transfers a phosphate group from a high-energy donor molecules such as ATP.

Answer 21

kinase

Question 22

An enzyme which changes the configuration and NOT the composition of a compound.

Answer 22

isomerase

Question 23

A type of isomerase which moves one group to another part in the same chemical compound.

Answer 23

mutase

Question 24

An enzyme that catalyzes the TRANSFER of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Answer 24

transferase

Question 25

An enzyme that catalyzes the JOINING of two molecules.

Answer 25

ligase

Question 26

Refers to the maximum velocity of a reaction and is proportional to enzyme concentration.

Answer 26

Vmax

Question 27

The substrate concentration required to reach 1/2 Vmax.

Answer 27

Kmax

Question 28

Kmax aka?

Answer 28

Michaelis-Menten constant

Question 29

Substance which slows down the rate of reaction of any enzyme.

Answer 29

inhibitor

Question 30

What are the three ways of enzymatic regulation?

Answer 30

Non- competitive inhibition Competitive inhibition allosteric regulation

Question 31

Is competitive inhibition reversible or irreversible?

Answer 31

reversible

Question 32

Is non-competitive inhibition reversible or irreversible?

Answer 32

irreversible

Question 33

What happens to the Vmax in competitive inhibition?

Answer 33

Does not change

Question 34

What happens to the Vmax in non-competitive inhibition?

Answer 34

Reduces Vmax

Question 35

Will increasing the substrate affect the activity of the non-competitive inhibitor?

Answer 35

No, will not affect.

Question 36

The enzyme always binds to a site other than the enzyme's active site. Competitive or non-competitive?

Answer 36

Non- competitive inhibition

Question 37

An enzyme's activity is regulated by binding an effect or molecule at the enzyme's allosteric site (a site other than it's active site).

Answer 37

Allosteric regulation

Question 38

Effectors that enhance the protein's activity are referred to as?

Answer 38

Allosteric activators

Question 39

Effectors that decrease the protein's activity are called?

Answer 39

Allosteric inhibitors