Chemical Reactions Chapter 7

Question 0

What rearranges atoms?

Answer 0

Chemical reactions

Question 1

occur when substances go through chemical changes to form new substances.

Answer 1

Chemical Reactions

Question 2

a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction

Answer 2

Reactant

Question 3

A substance or molecule that forms in a chemical reaction

Answer 3

Product

Question 4

Label the products and the reactants

NaCl + AgNO3 -> AgCl + NaNO3

Answer 4

Stuff on left of arrow = reactant

Stuff on right of arrow = product

Question 5

Signs that a chemical change has taken place

Answer 5

Change in color
Production of gas
New compounds form
Production of sound
Light or heat is given off

Question 6

____ must be added to break bonds.

Answer 6

Energy

Question 7

____ releases energy.

Answer 7

Forming bonds

Question 8

Sometimes energy is transferred as ___ or ___, ___ or ___.

Answer 8

Heat or electricity

Sound or light

Question 9

Energy is conserved in ____.

Answer 9

Chemical reactions

Question 10

the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce a new compound

Answer 10

Chemical Energy

Question 11

Reactions that release energy are called ____.

Answer 11

Exothermic

Question 12

Reactions that absorbed energy are called _____.

Answer 12

Endothermic

Question 13

_____ is an example of an endothermic reaction.

Answer 13

Photosynthesis

Question 14

Look at the graphs on page 222.

Question 15

A chemical equation uses _____ to represent a chemical reaction and shows the relationship between the reactants and products of a reaction.

Answer 15

Symbols

Question 16

Balanced chemical equations account for the _______.

Answer 16

Conservation of Mass

Question 17

A balanced equation tells you the ___, or proportion of reactants and products, in a chemical reaction.

Answer 17

Mole ratio

Question 18

Do we mess with the subscripts?

Answer 18

NEVER!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Ever!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Question 19

How do we balance chemical equations?

Answer 19

Balance one element at a time

Use coefficients in the front of the chemical formula

Question 20

There are __ general types of reactions.

Answer 20

5

Question 21

These reaction types follow _____.

Answer 21

Set patterns

Question 22

What can the patterns help you with?

Answer 22

Predicting the products of the chemical reactions

Question 23

• a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound

Answer 23

Synthesis Reaction

Question 24

Synthesis Reaction: | A + B ->

Answer 24

AB

Question 25

What is a more complex compound in a synthesis reaction? The end product or the reactant?

Answer 25

The end product

Question 26

-a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances

Answer 26

Decomposition Reaction

Question 27

Decomposition Reaction: | AB ->

Answer 27

A + B

Question 28

Reactions in which substances are broken apart

Answer 28

Decomposition Reaction

Question 29

-the oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is released

Answer 29

Combustion Reaction

Question 30

Combustion Reaction: | 2CH(4) + 4O(2) ->

Answer 30

2CO(2) + 4H(2)O

Question 31

In a Combustion Reaction, at least one product of the reaction contains ___.

Answer 31

Oxygen

Question 32

In combustion, the products depend on _____.

Answer 32

How much oxygen is present

Question 33

Read the bottom section of page 232 and look at the combustion reaction on page 192.

Answer 33

-----

Question 34

- a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound

Answer 34

Single- displacement reaction

Question 35

Single-displacement Reactions: | AX+B->

Answer 35

BX+A

Question 36

In a Single-displacement Reaction, a ___ element will take the place of a ____ one.

Answer 36

More reactive | Less reactive

Question 37

- a reaction in which a gas, a solid, precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds

Answer 37

Double-displacement reaction

Question 38

Double-displacement reactions: | AX+ BY ->

Answer 38

AY + BX

Question 39

____ and ____ can be understood as changes in the numbers of electrons that atoms have.

Answer 39

Free-radical reactions and redox reactions

Question 40

What reactions have electrons available for bonding?

Answer 40

Free-radicals

Question 41

-an atom or a group of atoms that has one unpaired electron (fragment)

Answer 41

Free radical

Question 42

-any chemical change in which one compound is oxidized (loses electrons) and another is reduced (gains electrons)

Answer 42

Oxidation- Reduction Reaction

Question 43

Most reactions go faster at ____ temps.

Answer 43

Higher

Question 44

____ speeds up the reactions.

Answer 44

A large surface are

Question 45

____ of reactants react faster.

Answer 45

Higher concentrations

Question 46

What would be the best way to make a larger surface area?

Answer 46

Crush it into a powder

Question 47

Reactions are faster at ___ pressure.

Answer 47

Higher

Question 48

___ a reaction often makes it react faster.

Answer 48

Stirring

Question 49

____ change the rate of chemical reactions.

Answer 49

Catalysts

Question 50

- a substance that changes the rate of chemical reactions but is not changed by the reaction

Answer 50

Catalyst

Question 51

____ are catalysts that slow down a reaction.

Answer 51

Inhibitors

Question 52

___ are biological catalysts.

Answer 52

Enzymes

Question 53

Enzymes are ___ that ___ metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed.

Answer 53

Protein | Speeds up

Question 54

- a part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance, or element

Answer 54

Substrate

Question 55

A reaction that is able to reverse itself often results in an ____.

Answer 55

Equilibrium system

Question 56

Systems in equilibrium respond to _____.

Answer 56

Minimal change

Question 57

Le Chatelier's Principle predicts changes in ____.

Answer 57

Equilibrium

Question 58

-If a change is made to a system in chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium shifts to oppose the change until a new equilibrium is reached.

Answer 58

Le Chatelier's Principle