Chapter 13

Question 0

W=

Answer 0

F(d)

Question 1

-the transfer of energy to an object by the application of a force that causes the object to move in the direction of force

Answer 1

Work

Question 2

Work is measured in ______.

Answer 2

Joules

Question 3

1N(m)=

Answer 3

1J

Question 4

1J=

Answer 4

1kg(m2/s2)

Question 5

-a quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed

Answer 5

Power

Question 6

Power=

Answer 6

work/time

Question 7

Power is measured in _____.

Answer 7

watts

Question 8

____ multiply and redirect force.

Answer 8

Machines

Question 9

-a quantity that expresses how much a machine multiplies force or distance

Answer 9

Mechanical Advantage

Question 10

When lifting a box straight up, a mover applies a ___force over a ____ distance.

Answer 10

Large

Short

Question 11

Using a ramp to lift the box, the mover applies a ____ force over a ____ area.

Answer 11

Smaller

Longer

Question 12

M.A.=

Answer 12

output force/input force
or
input distance/ output distance

Question 13

-one of the six basic types of machines, which are the basis for all other forms of machines

Answer 13

Simple Machine

Question 14

Simple machines are split into two families. What are they?

Answer 14

Lever family

Incline plane family

Question 15

The lever family includes the _____, _____, and the _____.

Answer 15

Simple lever
Pulled
Wheel and axle

Question 16

The incline plane family include the _____, _____, and ______.

Answer 16

Simple incline plane
Wedge
Screw

Question 17

Levers are divided into ___.

Answer 17

Three classes

Question 18

All _______ have a fulcrum located between the points of application of the input and output forces. See-saw.

Answer 18

First-class levers

Question 19

In _____ the fulcrum is at one end of the arm and the input force is applied to the other end. Ex. Wheelbarrow

Answer 19

Second class lever

Question 20

____ multiply distance rather than force. As a result, they have less mechanical advantage than 1. The human body contains many of these.

Answer 20

Third-class levers

Question 21

What are modified levers?

Answer 21

Pulleys

Question 22

A _____ is a lever or pulley connected to a shaft.

Answer 22

Wheel and axle

Question 23

What do inclined planes do?

Answer 23

They multiply and redirect force.

Question 24

What is a modified inclined plane?

Answer 24

A wedge

Question 25

What is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder?

Answer 25

A screw

Question 26

-machines made of more than one simple machine

Answer 26

Compound Machine

Question 27

What is the ability to do work?

Answer 27

Energy

Question 28

What is energy measured in?

Answer 28

Joules

Question 29

What do you expel work to do?

Answer 29

Pull a sling on a sling shot back.

Question 30

-the energy that an object has because of its position, shape, or condition

Answer 30

Potential energy

Question 31

-the energy stored in any type of compressed or stretched elastic material

Answer 31

Elastic Potential Energy

Question 32

-the energy that could potentially do work due to an object's position above ground

Answer 32

Gravitational Potential Energy

Question 33

What depends on both mass and height?

Answer 33

Gravitational potential energy

Question 34

PE=

Answer 34

mgh

Question 35

What can be relative or become important when calculating gravitational potential energy?

Answer 35

Height

Question 36

What is the energy of an object due to the object's position?

Answer 36

Kinetic energy

Question 37

What depends on mass and speed?

Answer 37

Kinetic Energy

Question 38

KE=

Answer 38

1/2(mv2)

Question 39

What does kinetic energy depend on most?

Answer 39

Speed more than mass

Question 40

-the amount of work an object can do because of the object's kinetic and potential energy

Answer 40

Mechanical Energy

Question 41

ME=

Answer 41

PE+KE

Question 42

What things have kinetic energy?

Answer 42

Atoms and molecules

Question 43

Chemical reactions involve _______.

Answer 43

Potential energy

Question 44

Living things get energy from the ___.

Answer 44

Sun

Question 45

Where does the sun get energy from?

Answer 45

Nuclear reactions

Question 46

What is a form of energy?

Answer 46

Electricity

Question 47

What can become kinetic energy?

Answer 47

Potential energy

Question 48

Give an example of potential energy.

Answer 48

Almost all the energy of a roller coaster car at the top of a tall hill is potential energy

Question 49

When and how does the potential energy change to kinetic energy in a coaster car?

Answer 49

It gradually changes to kinetic energy as a car accelerates downhill

Question 50

___ energy can become ____ energy.

Answer 50

Kinetic energy | Potential energy

Question 51

When does kinetic energy convert to potential energy in a roller coaster?

Answer 51

As the car hits the lowest point and begins to climb another hill

Question 52

What is energy lost to as object's travel?

Answer 52

Friction and vibration

Question 53

Will the roller coaster car be able to climb a hill as tall as the first hill due to these transformations of energy?

Answer 53

No

Question 54

____ energy can be changed to _____ energy.

Answer 54

Mechanical | Non mechanical

Question 55

What explains the flight of a baseball?

Answer 55

Energy transformations

Question 56

When a ball is hit, the ball does what?

Answer 56

It keeps rising until all the kinetic energy is gone.

Question 57

What is all of the ball's energy when it is at its highest point?

Answer 57

Potential energy

Question 58

What happens as the ball falls?

Answer 58

All of its potential energy changes back to kinetic energy

Question 59

-energy cannot be created or destroyed

Answer 59

The Law of Conservation of energy

Question 60

Does energy appear or disappear?

Answer 60

No

Question 61

What describes energy conservation?

Answer 61

Thermodynamics

Question 62

Accounting for all of the energy in a system can be ____.

Answer 62

Complicated

Question 63

What makes accounting for all the energy easier?

Answer 63

Studying a small, defined area

Question 64

What are these defined areas called?

Answer 64

Systems

Question 65

Systems can be ____ or ______.

Answer 65

Open | Closed

Question 66

Which systems exchange energy with the space that surrounds them?

Answer 66

Opened systems

Question 67

When would a system be considered closed?

Answer 67

If the flow of energy into and out of a system is small enough to be ignored

Question 68

Is all work done by machines useful?

Answer 68

Haha no

Question 69

What is the measure of how much useful work is done?

Answer 69

The efficiency of a machine

Question 70

Efficiency=

Answer 70

Useful work output/work input

Question 71

What is efficiency usually expressed as?

Answer 71

A percentage

Question 72

What machines are impossible?

Answer 72

Perpetual motion machines

Question 73

REVIEW MATH SKILLS PROBLEM ON PAGE 460

Question 74

Machines need _____.

Answer 74

Energy input

Question 75

COMPLETE SECTION 4 REVIEW, PG. 461, #1-9

Answer 75

PLEASE DO IT ANNA

Question 76

What results from energy transfer?

Answer 76

The feeling associated with temperature difference

Question 77

What indicates an energy transfer?

Answer 77

Temperature changes