Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physical Science > Solutions Chapter 8 and Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Solutions Chapter 8 and Chapter 9 Flashcards

(110 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

A

Mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

does not have a fixed composition

A

Heterogeneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas

A

Suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Particles in a ____ are large and eventually settle out.

A

Suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Particles in a suspension may be _____.

A

Filtered out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a mixture consisting of particles that are intermediate in size and stay in suspension. They can be in a liquid, solid, or gas

A

Colloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is intermediate size?

A

Medium size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Some Immiscible liquids can form ____.

A

Colloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A colloid in which liquids that normally do not mix are spread throughout each other

A

Emulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Give an example of emulsion.

A

mayonnaise

The egg yolk coats the oil and keeps it from forming a separate layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Uniform mixtures. Components disperse evenly throughout.

A

Homogeneous Mixtures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give an example of a homogeneous mixture.

A

Salt water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout

A

Solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent

A

Solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves

A

Solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Two or more liquids that form a single layer when mixed are said to be ____.

A

Misicble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is one way to separate miscible liquids?

A

Distillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What must the two liquids in the miscible liquid have in order for distillation to work?

A

Different boiling points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Liquid solutions sometimes do not contain ____.

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Give an example of a liquid solution that does not contain water.

A

Crude oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Can all states of matter form solutions?

A

YAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Give an example of a gas solution.

A

The air you are hopefully breathing right now

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Solids can ___ in other solids.

A

Dissolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

a homogeneous mixture that is usually composed of two or more metals

A

Alloy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Give an example of an alloy.
Brass, which is zinc metal dissolved in copper metal
25
What is the universal solvent?
Water
26
What can dissolve in water?
Many different substances
27
What're can dissolve _____ because of its structure.
Ionic Compounds
28
Why does water have a bent shape?
It is a polar compound
29
What shape does water have?
A bent shape
30
Does pure water conduct electricity?
No
31
Some water solutions ___.
Conduct electricity
32
What are the solutes in solutions that conduct an electric current?
Electrolytes
33
attractive force between the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule
Hydrogen Bonds
34
What bond pulls oxygen atoms from alcohols (-OH) and sugars, allowing those substances to dissolve in water?
Hydrogen Bonds
35
What is the rule of thumb in chemistry?
Like dissolves like
36
Solvents will dissolve substances that are ____.
Like the solvent in molecular structure
37
Polar dissolves ___.
Polar
38
Nonpolar dissolves ____.
Nonpolar
39
a compound whose electrons are equally distributed among its atoms
Nonpolar Compounds
40
___ will usually not dissolve in water.
Nonpolar compounds
41
Give an example of a Nonpolar compound.
Olive oil
42
What must be used to dissolve Nonpolar compounds?
Nonpolar solvents
43
Name three ways to speed up the dissolving process.
- make a larger surface area - stir or shake the solution - heat the solution
44
Why would you make a larger surface area to speed up the dissolving process?
More places to contact
45
Why would you stir or shake the solution in order to speed up the dissolving process?
Particles come in contact w/ one another more often
46
Why would you heat the solution in order to speed up the dissolving process?
Particles move faster and collide more often
47
____ can affect the physical properties of a solution.
Solutes
48
What is normal for a solute to do?
Raise the boiling point and lower the freezing point of the solution
49
-any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water.
Acids
50
-Hydrogen ions H+, attach to water molecules to form ____, H(3)O+
Hydronium ions
51
Name foods that have citric acid.
Lemons and limes
52
Name foods with acetic acid.
Dill pickles, vinegar
53
Name foods with malic acid.
Apples
54
Name foods with tartaric acid.
Grapes
55
- a compound that can reversible change color depending on conditions such as pH.
Indicators
56
How do indicators indicate?
They respond to the concentration of hydronium ions.
57
Acids turn ___ litmus paper ___.
Blue | Red
58
Bases turn ___ litmus paper ____.
Red | Blue
59
Acids ___ when dissolved in water.
Ionize
60
Acids form ___ and other ions depending on what elements he acids are made of.
Hydronium ions
61
Give an example of acids ionizing.
Nitric acid and water form hydronium ions and nitrate ions.
62
Some of the ions formed when dissolved in water, ___ to for ____.
Recombine to form acid molecules
63
Why will a solution with weak acids not conduct electricity?
Because there are fewer charged ions
64
-a substance that dissolved in water to give a solution that conducts an electric current
Electrolyte
65
Study the common acids list on edline!!!!!
66
Acids are used in many ____ and ___.
Manufacturing processes and organisms
67
What is weak stomach acid?
A dilute hydrochloric acid
68
______ can damage the skin.
Concentrated acetic acid
69
Vapors are harmful to the ___, ____, and ____.
Eyes Mouth Lungs
70
-any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
Bases
71
Hydroxide ions -
OH-
72
Bases feel ___ to the touch,___.
Slippery | Soapy
73
Bases have a ____.
Bitter taste
74
Solutions of bases ____.
Conduct electric current
75
Can bases damage skin?
YASSSS
76
Strong bases contain a ___ ion and a ___ ion.
Metal ion | Hydroxide ion
77
Give an example of a strong base that contains a metal ion and a hydroxide ion.
NaOH
78
What happens when a strong base is put in water?
The metal ions and the hydroxide ions dissociate or seperate
79
Most strong bases are also ___.
Electrolytes
80
Some bases do not contain ____ with the compound.
Hydroxide
81
What happens when bases that do not contain hydroxide are placed in water?
The base dissolves and forms a hydroxide ion
82
NH(3) + H(2)O ->
NH(4) + OH-
83
Look at the common bases chart on edline!!!!
84
-value used to express the acidity or basic its of a system
pH
85
Each whole number on the scale indicates a tenfold change in ____.
acidity
86
What is a measure of the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions?
pH
87
Check ph scale on edline!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
88
What do you need to calculate the pH of a solution?
The concentration of a solution
89
Look at math!!!!!!
90
What must you know to calculate the molarity of a solution?
The pH
91
What is the pH of nitric acid?
pH of 3
92
-reaction between an acid and a base; results in the formation of a salt and water
Neutralization reaction
93
What kind of reaction is a Neutralization Reaction?
An ionic reaction
94
Give an example of a Neutralization Reaction. | HCl +H(2)O->
Cl- + H(3)O+
95
What happens to a strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid?
It ionizes completely
96
What happens to a strong base?
It dissociates completely
97
Ionizing completely means
They completely break apart
98
Na+ and Cl- are called _____.
Spectator ions
99
Why are spectator ions called that?
They don't participate in the neutralization reaction.
100
Hydroxide is always____.
Base
101
Hydronium is always _____.
Acid
102
What is a salt?
An ionic compound that forms when a metal atom replaces the hydrogen of an acid
103
Hydronium and hydroxide ions form ___.
Water
104
Show the chemical equation for hydronium and hydroxide ions forming water.
H(3)O+ + OH- -> 2H(2)O
105
The metal ion and nonmetal ion forms a ___.
Salt
106
Do all neutralization reactions for a neutral solution?Explain.
No, because one may have a greater amount of one solution than the other.
107
What does the pH of the final solution depend on?
The amounts of acid and base combined and the pH of the original acids and bases used in the reaction
108
-process of gradually adding one solution to another solution in the presence of an indicator to determine the concentration (or pH) of one of the solutions
Titration
109
-to a chemist, a ___ can be almost any combination of cations and anions, except hydroxides and oxides, which are bases
Salts

Physical Science (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions