Chemical Reactions part 2

Question 1

Define equillibrium in chemical reactions

Answer 1

The state achieved when the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same time and the concentration of the reactants and products stay constant

Question 2

Define static equillibrium

Answer 2

Occurs when there is no exchange between reactants and products

Question 3

Define dynamic equillibrium

Answer 3

Occurs when the substances transition between the reactants and products at equal rates

Question 4

Define homogeneous equillibrium

Answer 4

One in which all species are present in the same phase

Question 5

Define heterogeneous equillibrium

Answer 5

One in which reactants, products or both are in more than one phase

Question 6

What are the 3 characteristics of a reaction at equillibrium?

Answer 6

1. Dynamic - reactants and products are changing into each other by chemical reactions constantly and at the same rate.
2. The concentration of reactants and products remains constant (given there is no other change to the system such as temperature and pressure)
3. It only occurs in a closed system so that nothing can escape

Question 7

Define Chatalier’s Principle

Answer 7

If the factors affecting equillibrium are changed, the equillibrium tends to shift in the direction that cancels the effect of the change.

Question 8

What are the 3 factors that effect equillibrium?

Answer 8

Concentration - only applicable to gases and liquids
Temperature -
endothermic = H -> +
exothermic = H -> -
Forward reaction = endothermic = colder
Reverse reaction = exothermic = hotter
Pressure - only valid in gases