States Of Matter

Question 1

Describe the properties of solids

Answer 1

Very strong intermolecular forces
Arranged close together in a regular pattern
Vibrate around a fixed point in space
Fixed shape and volume
Not compressible

Question 2

Describe the properties of liquids

Answer 2

Moderately strong intermolecular forces
Arranged close together in a random arrangement
Move around and over each other
Takes shape of container
Fixed volume
Almost negligible

Question 3

Describe the properties of gases

Answer 3

Negligible intermolecular forces
Far apart and random arrangement
Move quickly in random directions until they collide causing them to change direction
Takes shape of container
Expands to fill container
Highly compressible

Question 4

Define change of state

Answer 4

Physical change
Occurs at specific temperatures

Question 5

What happens when adding heat to a substance?

Answer 5

Substance heat = particles get energy = move faster = overcome intermolecular forces = state change

Question 6

Define evaporation

Answer 6

Occurs at all temps
Only at surface
Depends on temp, surface area, state of air above

Question 7

Define boiling

Answer 7

Occurs only at 1 temp
Depends on external pressure
Takes place at surface and within liquid
Depends on rate of supply of heat

Question 8

Define diffusion

Answer 8

Movement of gases down a concentration gradient
Depends on temp, concentration gradient, mass of molecule
No energy required

Question 9

Define physical change

Answer 9

No new substances are formed and in a physical process the changes can be easily reversed

Question 10

Define chemical change

Answer 10

New substances are formed (can be reversible or irreversible)