chemical senses- taste Flashcards
(19 cards)
flavor
determined by combination of taste and smell.
overlap is at the top of your mouth
taste
specific sensation resulting from stimulation of one type of taste receptor.
five known tastes
salty sweet bitter sour savory (umami)
six qualities of taste
salty sweet bitter sour savory (umami) fat
how do u taste?
molecules must dissolve in saliva and stimulate taste receptors on tongue
4 types of receptors
tongue
epiglottis
soft palate
pharynx
papillae
bumps on tongue. contains several taste buds. each taste bud is made of about 50 taste cells.
4 types of papillae
filiform
fungiform
foliate
circumvallate
filiform
most common, cone shape, located all over tongue
fungiform
contain the most taste buds
mushroom shape
located on tip and sides of tongue
foliate
gills on the back of the tongue
circumvallate
round mounds on back of tongue
salty receptor
NA+ causes cells to activate.
Depolarizes taste cell
Releases ATP (neurotransmitter) onto neurons of cranial nerves 7, 9, 10
sour receptor
K+ channel H+ in acidic foods block K+ leak channels \+ charge builds up inside taste cell Taste cell becomes depolarized Releases ATP (neurotransmitter)
sweet, bitter, umami
metabotrophic receptors, coupled to G-proteins. activation of neurotransmitters lead to firing
sweet
metabotrophic receptors, coupled to G-proteins. activation of neurotransmitters lead to firing
RESPOND TO SUGARS- NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL)
Bitter
metabotrophic receptors, coupled to G-proteins. activation of neurotransmitters lead to firing
(AT LEAST 40 RECEPTORS. RESPOND TO BITTER CHEMICALS)
Umami
metabotrophic receptors, coupled to G-proteins. activation of neurotransmitters lead to firing
(RESPONDS TO MSG)
tongue to brain
taste is ipsilateral (the right side of the tongue coordinates with right side of brain visa versa)
Representation of tastes in the gustatory cortex are idiosyncratic (varies between individuals)
