Flashcards in Chemistry 1 - Atoms, bonding and moles (C1 - C4) Deck (44)
Loading flashcards...
1
Which sub atomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
2
Which sub atomic particle has a negative charge?
Electron
3
Which sub atomic particle has neutral charge?
Neutron
4
Which sub atomic particle has a mass too small to be relevant?
Electron
5
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons, therefore the number of electrons
6
What is the relative atomic mass?
The total number of protons and neutrons.
7
What is the charge of an atom? Why?
No charge because they have an equal number of protons and electrons.
8
What is an ion?
An atom that has lost or gained electrons, giving it a negative or positive charge.
9
What is an isotope? How does it differ from a normal atom?
Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons. They have identical chemical properties but their physical properties like density can differ.
10
How many electrons go in the first shell?
2
11
How many electrons go in the subsequent shells to the first?
8
12
What does the group number represent?
The number of electrons in the outer most shell.
13
Which type of element usually loses electrons?
Metals
14
Which type of element usually gains electrons?
Non-metals.
15
Why are the Group 0 noble gases very unreactive?
Because they have full outer shells.
16
What are the elements in group 1 called?
Alkali metals
17
What happens to the alkali metal's melting and boiling points going down the group?
They decrease.
18
What happens to the alkali metal's reactivity going down the group?
It increases
19
What do alkali metals form in reactions?
1+ ions to make ionic compounds. These are generally white and dissolve in water, giving colourless solutions.
20
What happens when the alkali metals react with water?
They all react with water to produce hydrogen and an alkaline solution containing the metal hydroxide.
21
What are the elements in group 7 called?
The Halogens
22
What do halogens form?
They form ions with a single negative charge in their ionic compounds with metals.
23
How do Halogens form covalent compounds?
By sharing electrons with other non metals.
24
What happens to the reactivity of the Halogens going down the group?
They decrease.
25
What are the elements in the middle section of the periodic table called?
The transition elements.
26
What are transition elements used as?
Important industrial catalysts.
27
How does ionic bonding work?
The atoms involved lose or gain electrons to form charged particles called ions.
28
How are ionic compounds held together?
Strong forces of attraction between their oppositely charged ions.
29
What state are all ionic compounds at room temperature?
Solid
30
