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Chemistry Flashcards

Revision (79 cards)

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1
Q

What is the chemical formula for water?

A

H2O

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2
Q

What do you call a substance made up of only one type of atom?

A

Element

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3
Q

True or False: All metals are good conductors of electricity.

A

True

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of a liquid changing into a gas is called __________.

A

Evaporation

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5
Q

What is the pH range of acidic solutions?

A

0 to 6

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6
Q

What is the name of the process where plants convert sunlight into energy?

A

Photosynthesis

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7
Q

Which particle in an atom has a positive charge?

A

Proton

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8
Q

What is the main gas produced by burning fossil fuels?

A

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

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9
Q

True or False: Compounds are formed when two or more elements chemically combine.

A

True

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10
Q

What is the term for the amount of matter in an object?

A

Mass

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11
Q

What is the chemical symbol for sodium?

A

Na

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.

A

Atom

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13
Q

What is the name of the negatively charged particle in an atom?

A

Electron

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14
Q

What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

A

Covalent bond

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15
Q

True or False: All mixtures can be separated by physical methods.

A

True

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16
Q

What do you call the vertical columns in the periodic table?

A

Groups

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17
Q

What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?

A

100 degrees Celsius

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18
Q

What is the process of a solid turning directly into a gas called?

A

Sublimation

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the center of an atom, containing protons and neutrons.

A

Nucleus

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20
Q

Which element is represented by the symbol ‘O’?

A

Oxygen

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21
Q

What is the term for a mixture that has a uniform composition throughout?

A

Homogeneous mixture

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22
Q

True or False: Noble gases are highly reactive.

A

False

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23
Q

What is the main component of natural gas?

A

Methane (CH4)

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24
Q

What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

A

Atomic number

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25
What do you call a reaction that absorbs heat?
Endothermic reaction
26
What is the chemical formula for table salt?
NaCl
27
Fill in the blank: The __________ is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
pH scale
28
What process involves the breaking down of glucose to produce energy?
Cellular respiration
29
Which gas is produced during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
30
True or False: An isotope has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
True
31
What is the main purpose of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
To speed up the reaction without being consumed
32
What is the term for a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction?
Catalyst
33
What is the chemical symbol for gold?
Au
34
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the region around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.
Electron cloud
35
What is the process of breaking down a compound into simpler substances called?
Decomposition
36
Which type of reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds?
Double displacement reaction
37
True or False: Alkaline solutions have a pH greater than 7.
True
38
What is the process of mixing two liquids to form a solution called?
Dissolution
39
What is the term for the energy required to break bonds in a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
40
What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
CO2
41
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
Temperature
42
What is the primary gas in the Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen
43
What do you call a chemical reaction that releases energy?
Exothermic reaction
44
What is the chemical symbol for iron?
Fe
45
What is the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction?
It generally increases the rate.
46
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the atom that contains the mass number.
Nucleus
47
What is the process of converting a gas into a liquid called?
Condensation
48
True or False: Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons.
True
49
What is the name given to the horizontal rows in the periodic table?
Periods
50
What is the main purpose of a chemical equation?
To represent a chemical reaction
51
What is the name of the liquid in which a solute is dissolved?
Solvent
52
What is the term for a solution that has reached its maximum concentration of solute?
Saturated solution
53
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Mass number
54
True or False: All elements are found on the periodic table.
True
55
What is the term for a chemical change that produces new substances?
Chemical reaction
56
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
57
What is the effect of increasing pressure on the solubility of gases in liquids?
It generally increases solubility.
58
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a measure of how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.
Solubility
59
What is the name of the scale used to measure acidity?
pH scale
60
True or False: All chemical reactions are reversible.
False
61
What is the process by which a solid dissolves in a liquid?
Dissolution
62
What do you call a substance that decreases the pH of a solution?
Acid
63
What is the main component of air?
Nitrogen (approximately 78%)
64
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
pH
65
What is the process of a gas changing into a solid called?
Deposition
66
What is the term for the heat energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid?
Heat of fusion
67
True or False: A base is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions.
True
68
What is the chemical formula for ammonia?
NH3
69
What is the main purpose of a buffer solution?
To maintain a stable pH
70
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the experiment that is changed by the scientist.
Independent variable
71
What is the role of the control group in an experiment?
To provide a standard for comparison
72
What is the term for the change of state from liquid to solid?
Freezing
73
What is the term for the energy stored in chemical bonds?
Chemical energy
74
True or False: An endothermic reaction releases heat to the surroundings.
False
75
What is the process of separating a mixture by heating it to form vapor and then cooling it to form liquid called?
Distillation
76
What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid?
H2SO4
77
What do you call the change of a substance from one state to another?
Phase change
78
Fill in the blank: The __________ is a type of solution that contains a large amount of solute.
Concentrated solution
79
What is the primary use of a thermometer in chemistry?
To measure temperature

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