Chemistry of Life (Unit 1)

Question 1

How many H bonds does AT have?

Answer 1

2 H bonds

Question 2

How many H bonds does CG have?

Answer 2

3 H bonds

Question 3

What are purines?

Answer 3

AG

Question 4

What are pyrimidines?

Answer 4

CT

Question 5

What is the primary protein structure?

Answer 5

A peptide bonded chain of amino acids

Question 6

What is the secondary protein structure?

Answer 6

Folded ( alpha helixes and beta sheets)

Question 7

What is the tertiary protein structure?

Answer 7

3D protein structure
Functional shape through R group bonding

Question 8

What is the quaternary protein structure?

Answer 8

Multiple polypeptide units
ex Hemaeglobin

Question 9

What is the monomer of carbs?

Answer 9

Monosaccarides

Question 10

What bonds do saccarides have?

Answer 10

Glycosidic linkages

Question 11

What is the difference/similarities between glycogen, starch, and cellulose?

Answer 11

Glycogen and starch and branched (a), and stores glucose
Cellulose is linear (b), and is for structure
Starch and cellulose are in plants only, glycogen is in animals

Question 12

What is the function of carbs?

Answer 12

Short term energy storage and structure

Question 13

What is the functional units of lipids?

Answer 13

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 14

What is the bonds do lipids have?

Answer 14

Ester linkages

Question 15

What is the function of lipids

Answer 15

Long term energy storage, insulation

Question 16

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated?

Answer 16

Saturated = single bonds
Unsaturated = at least one double or triple bond

Question 17

What is the functional group of nucleic acids?

Answer 17

Nucleotides

Question 18

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Answer 18

Transmission and storage of genesW

Question 19

What is an example of nucleic acids

Answer 19

DNA or RNA

Question 20

What macromolecules have nitrogen?

Answer 20

Nucleic acids and amino acids

Question 21

What macromolecules have phosphorus?

Answer 21

Lipids and amino acids

Question 22

What is the functional groups of proteins?

Answer 22

Amino acids

Question 23

What bonds to amino acids have?

Answer 23

Peptide bonds

Question 24

What is the function of proteins?

Answer 24

“Work” - enzymes, antibodies, etc

Question 25

Why are nutrients highly dissolvable in water?

Answer 25

So plants can get easy access to them

Question 26

What is cohesion?

Answer 26

Attraction between the same molecules (water and water)

Question 27

What is adhesion?

Answer 27

Attraction between two different molecules

Question 28

Explain waters surface tension

Answer 28

Water has a high surface tension because of hydrogen bonding between molecules at the air-water interface and to the water below

Question 29

Why does water have a moderating effect on the climate (think temperature)?

Answer 29

Water has a high specific heat capacity (amount of heat the must be absorbed or lost to change 1 degree celcius)

Question 30

What is catabolic?

Answer 30

large chemical complexes are broken down

Question 31

What is anabolic?

Answer 31

Complex chemicals are built from smaller molecules

Question 32

Explain dehydration synthesis

Answer 32

2 monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule

Question 33

Explain hydrolisis

Answer 33

Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hydrolases