Chemistry of Water

Question 1

Covalent Bonds

Answer 1

Sharing of electrons

Question 2

Ionic Bonds

Answer 2

Gaining or losing electrons

Question 3

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 3

Electrostatic attraction b/w a H atom and an electronegative atom.

Question 4

Intramolecular polar covalent bonding

Answer 4

between H and O in H2O

Question 5

Electronegativity

Answer 5

An atom’s ability to attract & hold electrons.

Question 6

The more _______, the more strongly the atom attracts shared electrons.

Answer 6

electronegative

Question 7

Water is ____ dense in solid than in liquid form

Answer 7

Less

Question 8

Water covers _____ of the earth’s surface, creating habitats in which life has evolved. Water is _____ for all life.

Answer 8

71%, essential

Question 9

hydrogen bonding (intermolecular attraction)

Answer 9

between two H20 molecules

Question 10

Electronegativity

Answer 10

An atom’s ability to attract & hold electrons. The more electronegative, the more strongly the atom attracts shared electrons.

Question 11

The water molecules are __________ ________.

Answer 11

covalently bonded

Question 12

They ______ together because they are polar.

Answer 12

stick

Question 13

The ________ molecules _______ together is called the hydrogen bond.

Answer 13

polar-covalent, sticking

Question 14

The polarity of water causes it to be attracted to ____________.

Answer 14

other polar molecules.

Question 15

Cohesion

Answer 15

Attraction to other water molecules. Responsible for surface tension.

Question 16

Adhesion

Answer 16

attraction to other substances

Question 17

Cohesion

Answer 17

water attraction to other water molecules

Question 18

Water is a _______ solvent because of its ability to form ____________.

Answer 18

effective, hydrogen bonds

Question 19

Hydrophobic-Nonpolar molecules _____ from contact with water.

Answer 19

shrink

Question 20

Hydrophilic-Polar molecules readily form ____________ with water.

Answer 20

hydrogen bonds

Question 21

Water’s role as a solvent helps cells ________ and use substances like __________________.

Answer 21

transport, oxygen or nutrients

Question 22

The greater the difference in _________, the more polarized the ____________ and the larger the partial charges of the atoms.

Answer 22

electronegativity, electron distribution

Question 23

_____________ form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules.

Answer 23

hydrogen bonds

Question 24

water to water

Answer 24

cohesion

Question 25

water with another object

Answer 25

adhesion

Question 26

Water is a solvent: Water's solvent properties allow it to ___________________________________________________________________________________.

Answer 26

dissolve and transport many biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 27

Buoyancy -

Answer 27

is the upward force applied to an object in a medium and is determined by the density of the medium.

Question 28

As water is more ______ than air, it applies a _________ force which allows objects to float in water

Answer 28

dense, greater upward

Question 29

______ is the medium for life.

Answer 29

Water

Question 30

Water molecules support _____ and ____ bonds

Answer 30

polar-covalent, hydrogen

Question 31

Oxygen has partial __________

Answer 31

negative charge

Question 32

Hydrogen has partial _________

Answer 32

positive charge

Question 33

H20 has a _____ distribution of charges.

Answer 33

uneven

Question 34

The ________ property of water impacts organisms.

Answer 34

cohesive

Question 35

The water molecules are ______ bonded. They “stick” together because they are ______. The polar-covalent molecules “sticking” together is called the ________ bond.

Answer 35

covalently, polar, hydrogen