Chemistry- Unit 3 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is a fuel?
A fuel is a substance that burns to realise energy.
Name 3 fossil fuels
Coal, oil, and natural gases
How are fossil fuels formed?
Over millions of years, fossil fuels were formed from biological deposits.
What does finite mean? (With reference to fossil fuels)
Finite means a substance that can run out. For example, there is a limited amount of coal, so it is finite.
How are fossil fuels related to hydrocarbons?
Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons with minor impurities.
How is crude oil made useful?
By separating the hydrocarbons within crude oil
What is the process of fractional distillation?
What are the 7 fractions in order from the lowest to highest boiling points?
Gas, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, diesel oil, fuel oil, and residue.
What are the products of complete combustion?
Water and Carbon dioxide
What is a use for each of the 7 fractions?
How can you test for water and carbon dioxide?
Water turns cobalt chloride paper from blue to pink, and carbon dioxide turns lime water cloudy
What are the products of the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?
Carbon monoxide and soot
What is the purpose of catalytic converters in reducing toxic emissions from car exhaust?
When the catalytic converter reacts with the harmful emissions, a new and less toxic emission is formed ( idk about this answer could be wrong 🫠 its at least close)
What are the first 8 Alkanes?
Methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What are the properties of alkanes?
They all end in -ane, they all only have single bonds, and something or other else that I can’t remember
Name all 7 alkenes
Ethene, propene, butene, pentene, hexene, heptene, octene
What is the general formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
What are the properties of alkenes?
They all end in -ene, they all have at least 1 double carbon bond that makes alkenes much more reactive than alkanes.
