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📌CHEMO DRUGS Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Cause cross-linking and abnormal base-pairing of DNA strands

A

ALKYLATION

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2
Q

Inhibit DNA replication

A

ALKYLATION

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3
Q

Nitrogen mustard used as a chemical warfare agent

A

Mechlorethamine

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4
Q

Cytotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic

A

Mechlorethamine

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5
Q

Metabolized in the P450 system

A

Cyclophosphamide

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6
Q

For breast CA, ovarian CA, Hodgkins and nonHodgkins lymphoma, all leukemias

A

Cyclophosphamide

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7
Q

For organ transplantation

A

Cyclophosphamide

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8
Q

Adverse effects of CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

GI effects

Alopecia

Bone marrow suppression

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9
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

MESNA

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10
Q

Neurotoxicity

A

Ifosfamide

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11
Q

Ethylenimenes or amethylmelamines

A

Thiotepa, Altretamine (hexamethylmelamine)

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12
Q

Nitrosoureas

A

Carmustine, Lomustine, Semustine, Stretozocin

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13
Q

For brain tumors

A

Carmustine, Lomustine

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14
Q

Specially toxic to beta cells of islets of Langerhans

A

Streptozocin

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15
Q

For brain tumors, melanoma, GI cancer

A

Lomustine, Carmustine, Semustin, Streptozocin

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16
Q

Adverse effects of Nitroureas

A

CNS toxicityy

Nausea and vomiting

Bone marrow suppression

Skin flushing

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17
Q

Triazenes or Triazines

A

Dacarbacine

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18
Q

Melanoma

A

Dacarbacine

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19
Q

Platinum coordination complex

A

Carboplatin, Cisplatin

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20
Q

Platinum coordination complex -> cross links DNA -> prevents DNa synthesis

A

Cisplatin

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21
Q

For testicular, bladder, lung, ovarian CA

22
Q

Adverse effects of Cisplatin

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A

Nephrotoxicity

Ototoxicity

Paresthesias

23
Q

Axonal neuropathy

24
Q

Severe persistent vomiting

Nephrotoxicity

25
Mild nausea and vomiting Not nephro, neuro or ototoxic Myelosuppression
Carboplatin
26
Intercalation (slides in between the DNA)
Antitumor antibiotics
27
Anthracyclines
Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin
28
Binds to sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA -> blocks synthesis
Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin
29
Adverse effects of Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin
Cardiotoxicity Alopecia
30
Cardiotoxicity
Dexrazoxane
31
Anthracendiones
Metixantrone
32
Binds to double helix of DNA and for complex with it Inhibits RNA polymerase
Dactinomycin
33
For Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, choriocarcinoma, Kaposi sarcoma
Dactinomycin
34
Adverse effects of Dactinomycin
Bone marrow suppression Skin reaction GI irritation
35
Cell cycle specific (G2 phase)
Bleomycin
36
Generates free radicals, binds to DNA, causes strand breaks and inhibits DNA synthesis
Bleomycin
37
For testicular CA and Hodgkins disease
Bleomycin
38
Adverse effects of Bleomycin
Pulmonary toxicity Fever and chills Allergy
39
Adverse effects of Bleomycin
Pumonary fibrosis Unusual: Myelosuppression is rare
40
Drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin/Busulfan Amiodarone Nitrofurantoin Methotrexate
41
Structural analogs of naturally occurring substrates for biochemical reactions
Antimetabolites
42
Inhibit DNA synthesis
Antimetabolites
43
Folic acid antagonist that prevents conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate that decreeases synthesis of thymidilate, amino acids, purine nucleotides
Methotrexate
44
Folinic acid
Leucovorin
45
DMARDs
Methotrexate
46
Renal damage Abortifacient Hepatotoxicity Common: stomatitis, myelosuppression, erythema, rash, urticaria, alopecia, vomiting, diarrhea
Methotrexate
47
For chorioCA, lung CA, ALL, NHL, breast CA
Methotrexate
48
Also used for psoriasis, RA
Methotrexate
49
To minimize toxic effects of methotrexate
Leucovorin rescue
50
Adverse effects: neurotoxicity, macrovesicular fatty change in the liver, pulmonary infiltration and fibrosis, vomiting, nausea
Methotrexate
51
Purine analogs
Mercaptopurine, athioguanine, azathioprine
52
Alkylation
Mechlorethamine

Pharmacology (23 decks)

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