Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the two types of mechanisms that may be vulnerable during different periods of development?
Cognitive and biological mechanisms
What does the aetiology of developmental disorders involve?
Complex interaction between biological, psychological, and environmental factors over the lifespan
What is a key principle of atypical development?
Typical development provides crucial comparison for understanding what is problematic
Define multifinality in developmental psychology.
Similar risk factors may lead to different outcomes
Define equifinality in developmental psychology.
Different risk factors may lead to the same disorder
List some risk and protective factors in development.
- Genetic predispositions
- Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)
- Economic status
- Environmental status
- Positive social relationships
What does adaptation and resilience refer to in developmental psychology?
Factors that promote adaptation and resilience in the face of adversity
What are some temperament characteristics associated with conduct disorder?
- High/low emotional reactivity
- Low effortful control
- Poor ability to inhibit behavior
- Callous unemotional personality features
What cognitive issues are associated with conduct disorder?
Dysfunctional social cognition and low self-esteem
What behaviors are commonly associated with conduct disorder?
- Non-compliance
- Argumentative behavior
- Lying
- Fighting
- Bullying
- Animal cruelty
- Rule breaking
- Truancy
What are the key characteristics of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)?
- Angry irritable mood
- Argumentative/defiant behavior
- Vindictiveness
What are the key characteristics of Conduct Disorder (CD)?
- Aggression
- Property destruction
- Theft/deceit
- Serious rule violations
What family risk factors are associated with ODD and CD?
- Harsh and inconsistent parenting
- Lack of positive parenting
- Low warmth
- Insecure attachment
- Poor parent-child communication
- Low parental monitoring of child activity
What are some school-related risk factors for ODD and CD?
- Problematic teacher-child relationship
- Bullying
- Poor academic functioning
What community-related factors can contribute to ODD and CD?
- Exposure to community violence
- Poverty
- Discrimination
What is Parent Management Training (PMT)?
A treatment that involves modifying the family environment to stop parent-child coercive styles
What are some characteristics of ADHD related to inattention?
- Fails to pay close attention to details
- Trouble sustaining attention
- Doesn’t seem to listen when spoken to directly
- Fails to follow through on instructions
What are some characteristics of ADHD related to hyperactivity/impulsivity?
- Fidgets with hands or feet
- Frequently leaves chair when seating is expected
- Runs or climbs excessively
- Talks excessively
What are aetiological factors of ADHD?
- Deficits in self-talk
- Keeping one thing in mind while completing another task
- Deficits in reward control
What is the 5 P’s Framework for case formulation in internalizing disorders?
- Presenting problem
- Predisposing factors
- Precipitating factors
- Perpetuating factors
- Protective factors
