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Pediatric Written 1 > childhood/dolescent infections > Flashcards

childhood/dolescent infections Flashcards

1
Q 
red flags for childhood infx:
persistent pain
swelling/redness in 1 joint
fever
unusual rash
6 more
A 
loss of appetite
fever
limp
weakness
unexplained weight loss
tired
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2
Q

5 MC ped cancers

A
  1. leukemia
  2. cns tumor
  3. lymphoma (hodgkins, non >15y)
  4. bone cancer
  5. neuroblastoma (infants)
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3
Q

2 MC childhood bone cancers

A

ewing’s sarcoma

osteogenic sarcoma

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4
Q

MC solid tumor besides CNS tumor, 50% dx’d in first 2 years

A

neuroblastoma

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5
Q
  • abx resistant infx if in marrow, stiff neck, HA, vomit, bone pn
  • if hypothalamus destroying, inc appetite and weight
A

leukemia

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6
Q

cancer in 5-10yo, often mis dx’d dt rapid growth and mimic of other dx

A

CNS/brain tumor

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7
Q

B and T cell, burkett’s lymphoma

painless swelling, often liver and spleen

A

non-hodgekin’s lymphoma

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8
Q

rare cancer male 2:1 involving the long bones around the knee

A

bone cancer

osteosarc >ewings

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9
Q

cancer usually in adrenal glands, abd, neck, pelvic or chest sympathetic ganglia

A

neuroblastoma

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10
Q

s/s: swollen gums, fever, pallor, bleeding, bone pain, fatigue

A

leukemia

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11
Q

s/s: HA worse in AM, n/v, seizure, personality change, ataxia, hemiplegia, blurry vision, CN palsies

A

CNS/brain tumor

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12
Q

s/s cells spreadin lymph glands of neck, chest, abd

fatigue, fever, cough, chills, night sweats, pruritis, HA, weight loss, facial edema, abd pn, SOB

A

lymphoma

non and hodgkins

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13
Q

s/s pain and swelling at site of tumor, pain progresses to severe, limp, wakes at night with fever and sweating, systemic signs of infx

A

bone cancer

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14
Q

s/s: fever, abd pn, weight loss, FTT, irritability, abd or c/s mass, chronic/watery diarrhea, ptosis, pallor, croup, bowel/bladder dysfx

A

neuroblastoma

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15
Q

CHILDCANCER acronym

A 
Continued, unexplained weight loss
HA, with early AM vomiting
Inc swelling/bone pn
Lump/mass
Dev of bruising/bleeding/rash
Constant infx
A whitish color behind eye
Nausea or vomiting
Constant tireness/pallor
Eye/vision changes
Recurrent fever of unknown origin
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16
Q 
hard, non-mobile/non-tender lymph nodes
unexplained weight loss
abd mass (+ blood)
recurrent HAs
cervical lymphadenopathy
unexplained weight loss
occult blood in stool/urine
bone pain (esp w fever)
A

childhood cancer red flags

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17
Q

MC malignancy in children

A

ALL

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18
Q

leukemia with lower cure rate, 15%

A

AML

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19
Q

HA, visual disturbances, general discomfort in extremities could indicate a ____ tumor

A

pituitary

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20
Q

16x22mm (acrossxdeep) on xray taken at 40” FFD is indicative of

A

enlarged sella turcica

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21
Q

pituitary adenoma secreting growth hormone

A

acromegaly

gigantism

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22
Q

onset of growth hormone oversecretion of this disorder occurs prior to skeletal maturation (open physis)

A

gigantism

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23
Q

3 malignant tumors

A

osteosarcoma
chondrosarcoma
fibrosarcoma

24
Q

bone island, osteoid osteoma, enchondroma, osteochondroma, fibrous displasia are all ____ tumors

A

benign

25
Q

on xray, ___ appears as a solid radiodensity, _____ as stippled, and ___ will appear hazy

A

bone
cartilage
fibrous

26
Q

benign tumors are MC bt the ages of

A

10-30 yo

27
Q

with malignant tumors, if the pt is <10yo, suspect _____ or _____. If the pt is over 40, suspect ___, _____ or _____

A

ewings and osteosarcoma

mets, myeloma, chondrosarcoma

28
Q

4th mc primary bone malig that sits in the long bones, s/s are weight loss, fever, fatigue, painful tumor - mimics infx and is a permative lesion with cortical saucerization

A

ewing’s sarcoma

29
Q

lymphoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, ewing’s, EG, MM, and osteomyelitis are all ______

A

round cell lesions

30
Q

cancer known as the great masquerader, MC <2 yo, my be comorbid with horner’s, immature nerve cell found in an embryo/fetus

A

neuroblastoma

31
Q

MC benign tumor of the hand is ____. if there are multiple, it is called _____. multiple + soft tissue hemangioma’s is known as _____

A

enchondroma
ollier’s
maffucci’s

32
Q

clinically silent tumor usually in humerus and prox femur, appears with fallen fragment sign, centrally located

A

simple bone cyst (SBC)

33
Q

quasimalignant tumor, subarticular and eccentric, expansile, no sclerosis, distal femur and radius, prox tib and humerus, 20-40yo

A

giant cell tumor (GCT)

34
Q

very painful and aggressive tumor, looks like blister on the bone, proliferation of vascular component of marry, MC in femur

A

aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)

35
Q

2 ddx for bone island

A

mets, blastic mets

36
Q

rare, benign bone lesion with nidus of <2 cm that causes severe pain that is worse at night, MC in 20s, and it’s ddx

A

osteoid osteoma

ddx: brodie’s abcess

37
Q

multiple osteochondromas that cause painless, lumpy joints, MC in hands and pelvis

A

HME (herditary multiple exostosis)

38
Q

fibrous tissue replacing bone that causes a ground glass appearance or smoking matrix

A

fibrous dysplasia

39
Q

polyostotic FD, precocious puberty and skin spots when combined are known as

A

mccune-albright syndrome

40
Q

fibrous cortical defect (smaller) and a non ossifying fibroma (larger) are both types of

A

fibrous xanthomas

41
Q

solitary benign bone-forming tumor in spine and long bones that is MC in the dorsal aspect of the vertebrae

A

osteoblastoma

42
Q

2nd MC primary malignant tumor of bone, usually in the KNEE, causes painful swelling in the limb

A

osteosarcoma

43
Q

pustules on face, neck, axilla, arms, hands that can occur after getting chicken pox shot

A

molluscum contagiosum

44
Q

polio virus

A

poliomyelitis

45
Q

bark of a seal, MC in boys 1.5-3yo

A

croup

46
Q

measles caused by the ____ show up with koplik spots, tx with vit a

A

paramyxovirus

47
Q

mumps is caused by the

A

paramyxovirus

48
Q

____ aka german measles, caused by togavirus

A

rubella

49
Q

_____ will occur often if the pt is exposed to rubella within 4w of birth - cardiac, cerebral, ophthalmic and auditory defects

A

congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)

50
Q

gray pseudomembrane, very rare, irreversible bacteria, req antitoxin + abx

A

diptheria

51
Q

organism that causes tetanus

A

clostridium tetani

52
Q

whooping cough or 100 days cough, tx with vit C and vit D

A

pertussis

-bordatella pertussis

53
Q

slapped cheek syndrome, human parvovirus B19, with 3 stages

A

fifth dz

54
Q

exanthem subitum or roseola infantum, type of HHV affecting the salivary glands in kids with a non itchy red rash

A

sixth dz

55
Q

enterovirus 71, coxsackie A - thru direct contact with mucus causing painful lesions in mouth followed by a specific rash

A

hand foot mouth dz

56
Q

fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes/liver/spleen, inc WBC

A

mono

57
Q

MC STD

A

chlamydia

Pediatric Written 1 (11 decks)

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