imaging

Question 1

<16 yo, it is normal to see ____ cervical spine lordosis

Answer 1

absent

Question 2

vertebra shape that is WNL in pediatric

Answer 2

oval/wedge shape

-NOT comp frx

Question 3

on a peds xray, these 2 normal findings may simulate a frx

Answer 3

ossification center

epiphyses

Question 4

ADI in children is ___ than it is in adults, with a maximum of ___ mm

Answer 4

larger
4
(2-3 in adults)

Question 5

xray confirms a dx you already expect, if you suspect a frx, order a ____, but if you suspect soft tissue damage, get ____

Answer 5

CT

MRI

Question 6

___ MRI takes a short time and fluid shows up as BLACK

Answer 6

T1

Question 7

avg kvp for a ped pt ~8yo

Answer 7

70

Question 8

____ ossification centers are present before birth, one in the body and two in the arches

Answer 8

primary

Question 9

___ ossification centers are present after birth - the epiphysis and apophysis

Answer 9

secondary

Question 10

increased ADI is seen in these 4 dz

Answer 10

down syndrome
RA
SLE
AS

Question 11

____ agenesis is stable, and you can adjust, but should consider taking flx/ext films

Answer 11

posterior arch

• on xray: knife clasp, C2 megaspinous
• C1 ant arch & odontoid

Question 12

this is seen with (MC) C1 ant arch fuses to the base of the skull, usually is asymptomatic

Answer 12

occipitalization of atlas

Question 13

MC risk of C1 occipitalization, constricting _____, can affect the brain stem, and rarely cause basilar invagination

Answer 13

dural bands

Question 14

dec CSF flow at craniovertebral jxn causes compensatory pulsatile descent of cerebellar tonsils during systole, and may puls CSF pathway at FM, are risks of this

Answer 14

arnold chiari malformation

Question 15

MC locations of pseudosubluxation (2)

Answer 15

C2/3 and C3/4