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WSET D3 > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Chile vineyard latitudes

A

30-38*S

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2
Q

Chile overall vineyard climate

A

Warm Mediterranean

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3
Q

Why do braids in Chile have high levels of tannins and anthocyanins?

A

Intense sunshine from being close to equator

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4
Q

Three catastrophic natural hazards in Chile

A

Drought
Earthquakes
Forest fires fueled by commercial forestry (plantations of pine and eucalyptus fuel fire) - smoke taint

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5
Q

Why is Chile phylloxera free?

A

Natural geographical borders
- Pacific Ocean west
-Atacama desert north
-Andes east
- Patagonia glaciers south

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6
Q

Why might Chilean growers use grafted rootstock?

A

Nematodes
Drought

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7
Q

Most planted grapes in Chile

A

Can sauv
Sauv blanc
Merlot
Carmenere
Pais
Tintoreras
Syrah

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8
Q

Why is site selection important for Carmenere?

A

It ripens 2-3 weeks later than Merlot
Needs warm and sunny sites, not hot (can drive sugar up making high alcohol wine)

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9
Q

Chilean Syrah styles

A

High acid, fresh black fruit w/pepper and clove in San Antonio, Casablanca, Limari, and Elqui
Full bodied/ riper in Colchagua valley

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10
Q

DO labeling % grapes

A

75% (85% if exported to EU)

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11
Q

Reserva and Reserva especial requirements

A

12% abv

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12
Q

Reserva privada and gran Reserva requirements

A

12.5% abv and red in oak 6 mos

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13
Q

Main Chilean wine producing regions N to S

A

Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Central Valley, Southern

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14
Q

Coquimbo DOs

A

Elqui, Limari, Choapa

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15
Q

Natural factories in Coquimbo that temper the sunlight and high temps of low latitude

A

Cooling influence of mountains-cool air and altitude
Cooling influence of Pacific
Help delay fruit ripening

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16
Q

Natural factors influencing Elqui Valley

A

River valley with no coastal mountain to stop pacific means fog reaches inland. High altitude vineyards up to 2200m

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17
Q

Pockets of calcareous soils can be found in what Coquimbo DO? And why are they important?

A

Limari - water retention in desert like conditions/ drought

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18
Q

Elqui almost planted varieties

A

Syrah and SB

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19
Q

Limari most planted varieties?

A

Chardonnay
Warmer, eastern side of- cab, Merlot, Carmenere

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20
Q

Sub regions of Aconcagua

A

Aconcagua, San Antonio, Casablanca

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21
Q

Why has Aconcagua readily adopted the East to West sub-divisions better than other regions?

A

Andes, Entre Cordilleras, and Costa sub divisions showcase varying natural factors across a single region. Aconcagua costa has morning fogs and ocean breezes for fresh whites, PN, and cool Syrah. Aconcagua Andes has warm sunny days cooled at night by cold mountain air making grapes retain acid while fully ripening. Aconcagua Entre Cordilleras has warm, dry weather and makes ripe, full bodied wines w/high alc and tannin -Cab/Mer

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22
Q

Topographical effect on Casablanca

A

Low hills to west don’t deter Pacific influence, higher hills to north and east trap cool air from Pacific creating one of the coolest growing regions

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23
Q

Hazard in Casablanca and why

Study These Flashcards
A

Spring/fall frost
Not near enough to pacific to moderate frost

24
Q

Undulating hills in this Aconcagua DO offer a range of stylistic capabilities despite heavy Pacific influence

25
Sub zone in San Antonio
Leyda Valley
26
Main grapes of Casablanca
Sauvignon blanc,chard, pn
27
Main grapes of San Antonio
SB, Chard, PN, Syrah
28
What makes Central Valley Chile the ideal location for producing ripe, fruity, inexpensive red wines?
Coastal ranges shelter from Pacific influences, warm climate, fertile soils, easily irrigated plains, easily mechanized topography
29
4 major sub regions of Central Valley
Maipo Valley Rapel Valley - Cachapoal and Colchagua Curico Valley Maule Valley
30
Why are growing conditions warm and sunny in Maipo Valley?
Coastal ranges shelter from maritime influences
31
What grapes is Maipo known for?
Cab Sauv, Carm, Syrah
32
What are the high elevation vineyards of Maipo called and name the sub regions. What type of wine is produced?
Alto Maipo Puente Alto and Pirque V good to outstanding- fresh/elegant Bordeaux blends
33
Warmer of the two sub areas of Rapel Valley
Cachapoal - coastal ranges stop maritime influences
34
Rapel valley sub divisions
Colchagua and Cachapoal Valleys
35
Apalta topography
South facing amphitheater that captures cool air from west to slow ripening on south facing slopes of poor soils that reduce vigor Cab, Syrah, Carm
36
Maule Valley vinification reputation
High volume inexpensive but changing
37
100-200 year old vines of Pais and Muscat of Alexandria can be found here
Maule Valley
38
How is dry farming possible in Maule
Most of rain falls in winter, vines are old with deep roots, climate is cooler than Curico
39
What sub region in Maule is known for old vine Carignan
Cauquenes
40
Sub regions of Southern Region in Chile?
N to S Itata Bio Bio Malleco
41
Why is the climate cooler and wetter in southern regions?
The coastal range diminish offering less protection from Pacific
42
Why are leading producers looking to Itata?
Climate change and water shortages
43
Pais synonyms
Criolla Chica Mission
44
Itata is known for what varietals
Old bush vines of Muscat of Alexandria, Pais, and Cinsault
45
What modern varietals are succeeding in Bio Bio?
Aromatic whites - SB, Riesling, Gewurz
46
Malleco needs what type of variety?
Early ripening due to cool climate Chard, SB, PN
47
Route to market for Chilean wine
70% exported
48
Why is wines of Chile focused on promoting Chile as a producer of mid priced premium wine?
Historically Chile is known for large volumes of inexpensive wines
49
Why is the focus on exports so important for Chile?
Domestic consumption is low
50
Concha y toro, Santa Rita, Santa Carolina, and San Pedro companies are responsible for what % of Chiles production?
80%
51
What makes Chile attractive/unattractive to foreign investors?
Cheap land and low operating costs High cost of importing materials and equipment
52
Chile has free trade agreements with what top export markets?
China and South Korea
53
What top export market has reduced import tariffs with Chile?
Japan
54
Which top export market benefits from the MERCOSUR free trade agreement?
Brazil
55
Affect of El Nino in Chile
Higher than avg rainfall Every 2-10 years
56
Effect of La Niña in Chile
Lower rainfall/drought

WSET D3 (33 decks)

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