China 1890-1914

Question 1

unequal treaties leading up to boxer rebellion (humiliation)

Answer 1

Treaty of Nanjing in 1842 AND Treaty of Tianjin 1858)

Question 2

missionaries in china by 1900?

Answer 2

2,500 Protestant missionaries in China and over 100,000 Roman Catholic converts, especially in northern provinces (e.g., Shandong, Hebei).

Question 3

same of secret ‘boxer’ society in Northern China

Answer 3

Yihequan

Question 4

slogan of Yihequan

Answer 4

“support the Qing, destroy the foreigners!”

Question 5

Attacks on Foreigners and Christians

Answer 5

Over 200 foreign missionaries killed, mostly in Shandong and Shanxi provinces

Question 6

Taiyuan Massacre

Answer 6

July 9, 1900 - 45 missionaries and 35 children were executed by Qing governor Yuxian, who supported the Boxers.

Question 7

Chinese converts

Answer 7

An estimated 30,000 native Chinese Christians were killed during the rebellion burned alive in churches, beheaded, or tortured.
In Zhili province, whole villages of Chinese Catholics were destroyed.

Question 8

missionaries privilege causing resentment

Answer 8

Missionaries often used “diplomatic privilege” under unequal treaties to:
Intervene in local court cases.
Support Chinese converts in land disputes

Question 9

Shandong province

Answer 9

entire Christian villages were attacked and destroyed by Boxers. Village of Pingyang saw over 100 Christian deaths, according to missionary letters.

Question 10

secret support of boxers

Answer 10

Empress Dowager Cixi and other Qing leaders began supporting the Boxers as a way to resist foreign powers.
The Imperial Decree of June 21, 1900

Question 11

Siege of Bejing

Answer 11

June 20 – August 14, 1900

Question 12

how long was the siege?

Answer 12

55 days with missionaries inside embassy

Question 13

The Eight-Nation Alliance (Britain, Japan, Germany, Russia, France, the US, Italy, Austria-Hungary) invade Beijing

Answer 13

August 14, 1900

Question 14

casualties as a result of eight nation alliance invasion

Answer 14

20,000 Chinese civilians were killed by Allied troops during and immediately after the relief of the siege.
Many were non-combatants. victims of looting, burning, and summary executions.

Question 15

Punishment of China

Answer 15

7th September 1901 - Boxer protocol

Question 16

clauses of Boxer Protocol

Answer 16

1. China pay 450 million taels of silver indemnity over 39 years
2. Execution and punishment of Qing officials who supported the Boxers
3. Foreign troops allowed to be stationed in Beijing.

Question 17

resentment caused by boxer protocol led to fall of Qing Dynasty

Answer 17

1911