chinese dynasties Flashcards
(182 cards)
1
Q
Decreased power during Spring and Autumn periods
A
Zhou
2
Q
Height of Chinese bronzeware during this
A
Zhou
3
Q
Beginning of Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism
A
Zhou
4
Q
Saw the evolution of written script from oracle to seal to clerical script
A
Zhou
5
Q
Starts at the Battle of Muye, led by Jiang Ziya
A
Zhou
6
Q
Founded by King Wu
A
Zhou
7
Q
Partition of Jin ended this dynasty
A
Zhou
8
Q
Preceded by Warring states
A
Zhou
9
Q
I Ching and Art of War written during this period
A
Zhou
10
Q
Feudalist fengjian social structure developed during this time based on the four occupations
A
Zhou
11
Q
Capital moved from Xi’an to Loyang after Barbarian raid
A
Zhou
12
Q
Mandate of Heaven developed during this
A
Zhou
13
Q
Army split into the “Six Armies of the west” and “Eight Armies of Chengzhou”
A
Zhou
14
Q
Created Great Wall of China
A
Qin
15
Q
Standardized currency, weights, measures, and writing system
A
Qin
16
Q
Li Si alleged of burning books and burying scholars
A
Qin
17
Q
Built Wei River Canal
A
Qin
18
Q
Shen Nong, “Divine Father” who taught that households should grow their own food during this dynasty
A
Qin
19
Q
Slavery started in China during this
A
Qin
20
Q
Creation of small seal script
A
Qin
21
Q
Religions focus on figures call shen (spirits, gods), yin (shadows), and their realm and using mediumship in rituals
A
Qin
22
Q
Peasants grouped into “five-family” units and punished together
A
Qin
23
Q
One emperor’s dead body traveled with carts of fish to mask its smell
A
Qin
24
Q
Xiang Yu and Liu Bang competed for power after this dynasty’s fall
A
Qin
25
Lute Player Gao Jianli attempted to assassinate an emperor
Qin
26
Shang Yang implemented military reforms
Qin
27
Target of Daze Village Uprising
Qin
28
One general Meng Tian sent to pacify Ordos
Qin
29
Zhao Gao was chief eunuch
Qin
30
Nationalized salt and iron industries, but later repealed
Han
31
Tide against Xiongnu Confederation turned with Emperor Wu
Han
32
Hexi Corridor and Tarim Basin come under control, but overrun by Xianbei
Han
33
Conquered Gojoseon Korea and established the Four Commanderies
Han
34
Hurt by Taoist Zhang Jue-led Yellow Turban Rebellion
Han
35
Put down Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion
Han
36
Started with Liu Bang’s victory over Xiang Yu of Chu at Battle of Gaixia
Han
37
First capital Chang’an
Han
38
Emperor Jin faced Rebellion of the Seven States
Han
39
First emperor Emperor Gaozu
Han
40
Diplomat Zhang Qian’s travels initiated Silk Road
Han
41
Allied with Kushans during conquest of Kashgar
Han
42
Wang Mang attempted to form the Xin Dynasty, but was stopped by the Red Eyebrows
Han
43
Ma Yuan crushed the Tru’ng Sisters of Vietnam
Han
44
Cao Cao lost Battle of Red Cliffs
Han
45
Records of the Grand Historian written during and ended here
Han
46
Emperor Wudi took this empire to its greatest extent
Han
47
Buddhism reached China during this period
Han
48
Two Confucian scholars were imprisoned in the Disasters of Partisan Prohibitions
Han
49
First Empress Lu held great influence
Han
50
Founded by Emperor Wen
Sui
51
Equal-field system used to reduce economic inequality
Sui
52
Three Departments and Six Ministries system of land distribution
Sui
53
Created Grand Canal
Sui
54
Created capital of Daxing at Chang’an
Sui
55
Disastrous military campaigns against Goguryeo, one of Korea’s Three Kingdoms
Sui
56
Minister Yuwen Huaji assassinated Emperor Yang
Sui
57
Perpetrated Linyi-Champa Campaign in Vietnam, during which it faced war elephants
Sui
58
Expanded the Great Wall of China
Sui
59
Preceded by the Sixteen Kingdoms
Sui
60
Zhiyi founded Tiantai school and wrote the Lotus Sutra
Sui
61
Second emperor rebuilt Luoyang
Sui
62
Followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
Tang
63
Empress Wu Zetian seized throne during this, proclaiming the Wu Zhou Dynasty
Tang
64
Yang Guifei, a concubine, was executed during a rebellion against this dynasty
Tang
65
Faced rebellion by Turkish Sodigan named An Lushan
Tang
66
Rise of military governors called jiedushi undermined civil service exams
Tang
67
Poets Li Bai, Du Fu, and Wang Wei
Tang
68
One leader Li Shimin beat Dou Jiande at Luoyang at Battle of Hulao
Tang
69
Successful campaign against Gokturks after Li Jing captured Illig Qaghan
Tang
70
Strong Emperor Taizong and Emperor Gaozong led military campaigns
Tang
71
'The Gatherings of Kings' depicts relations with surrounding areas
Tang
72
Prince Li Shimin ordered his brothers' deaths in the Xuanwu Gate Incident
Tang
73
Started Jimi self-rule system for administrative regions, ending equal-field system
Tang
74
Continued Three Departments and Six Ministries from previous dynasty
Tang
75
Hou Junji conquered Tarim Basin
Tang
76
Empress Wei and Princess Taiping were powerful women who dominated husbands’ rule
Tang
77
Faced Huang Chao Rebellion, who committed the Guangzhou massacre
Tang
78
Lost to Abbasids at Battle of Talas
Tang
79
Continued predecessor’s war against Goguryeo due to rivalry with General Yeon Gaesomun
Tang
80
Emperor Xuanzong led it to its greatest extent
Tang
81
Li Yuan was founder
Tang
82
Founded by Emperor Taizu
Song
83
Transition between two key periods due to war with Jurchen-led Jin dynasty
Song
84
Northern and Southern variations
Song
85
First capital at Bianjing or Kaifeng
Song
86
Second capital at Lin’an or Hangzhou
Song
87
First to issue banknotes and record chemical formula of gunpowder
Song
88
Zhang Sixun built an astronomical clock tower
Song
89
Shanyuan Treaty ended conflict between this and the Liao
Song
90
Statesman Shen Kuo led a campaign against Tanguts
Song
91
Guo Kui attacked Dai Viet after a raid on Guangxi
Song
92
'Along the River During the Qingming Festival' by Zhang Zeduan
Song
93
Chancellor Fan Zhongyan attempted to implement Qingli Reforms
Song
94
Emperor Shenzong was one emperor
Song
95
Rivalry between Sima Yi and Wang Anshi over implementation of 'New Policies'
Song
96
One 'Conservative' faction led by Sima Guang
Song
97
Cai Jing pressured Emperor Zhezong and Huizong into passing specific policies
Song
98
Fang La led a peasant rebellion when lacquer trees were repossessed
Song
99
Much of the imperial family captured in the Jingkang Incident
Song
100
Yue Fei and Han Shizhong were key military leaders
Song
101
First Chinese naval battles at the Battle of Tangdao and Battle of Caishi
Song
102
Emperor Zhao Bing and Prime Minister Lu Xiufu committed suicide at dynasty’s fall
Song
103
Fell at Battle of Yamen and Battle of Xiangyang
Song
104
Philosophers Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi revived Confucianism
Song
105
System of local government called Baojia
Song
106
Paper money called chao
Yuan
107
Established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Borjigin
Yuan
108
Rule started with Battle of Yamen, led by Zhang Hongfan
Yuan
109
Named proclaimed in Proclamation of the Dynastic Name
Yuan
110
Faced the Red Turban Rebellion, led by Zhu Yuanzhang
Yuan
111
Divided subjects into social classes based on loyalty
Yuan
112
Adopted law code called Yassa
Yuan
113
Introduced paper money and Arabic numerals
Yuan
114
Original capital Kaiping, later renamed Shangdu
Yuan
115
Installed Wonjong as ruler of Goryeo
Yuan
116
Li Tan led a rebellion against this
Yuan
117
Capital moved from Karakorum to Khanbaliq or Dadu (modern Beijing)
Yuan
118
Besieged Xiangyang on the way to capture Yangzi River basin
Yuan
119
Army of defected troops called the Newly Submitted Army
Yuan
120
Defeated by Tran Dynasty at the Battle of Bach Dang
Yuan
121
Won a civil war called War of the Two Capitals
Yuan
122
Confucian Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature founded during this dynasty
Yuan
123
Development of drama and the novel occurred during this dynasty
Yuan
124
Guo Shoujing reformed the lunisolar calendar
Yuan
125
Botched campaigns against Annam, Champa, and Java but victory against Burma
Yuan
126
Hosted Marco Polo
Yuan
127
Nestorian Christianity was briefly tolerated
Yuan
128
Founded by peasant Zhu Yuanzhang, the Hongwu Emperor
Ming
129
Faced rebellion led by Li Zicheng, who created the short-lived Shun dynasty
Ming
130
Second Emperor Jianwen faced the Jingnan campaign
Ming
131
Yongle Emperor, Zhu Di, moved capital to Yan and renamed it Beijing
Ming
132
Forbidden City built within Imperial City
Ming
133
Zhengtong Emperor (Yingzong) captured by Oirats led by Esen Taishi during Tumu Crisis
Ming
134
Haijin laws protected coasts from Japanese pirates, but failed
Ming
135
Military system called weisuo, similar to Tang’s fubing system
Ming
136
Chancellor Hu Weiyong executed, after which the position was abolished
Ming
137
Secret police called Jinyiwei
Ming
138
Annexed Kingdom of Dali
Ming
139
Nurgan Regional Military Commission led a campaign against the Wild Jurchens
Ming
140
Jiajing Emperor persecuted Tibetan Buddhists, favoring Taoism
Ming
141
Cao Qin staged a revolt against Tianshun Emperor
Ming
142
Wanli Emperor faced repercussions of Bozhou Rebellion and Japan-Korea Imjin Wars
Ming
143
Politically dominated by Wei Zhongxian and Liu Jin
Ming
144
Faction of the Donglin Society
Ming
145
Jurchen Nurhaci demanded tribute in 'Seven Grievances'
Ming
146
Last Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself on a tree after killing his entire family and severing the Princess Changping’s arm
Ming
147
Subject of two eccentric books by pseudohistorian Gavin Menzies, who claimed it discovered the Americas prior to Columbus
Ming
148
Fall was catalyzed by Wu Sangui opening the gates to Shanhaiguan, or Shanhai Pass
Ming
149
General Lan Yu led a victory at Battle of Buir Lake (Buyur Nor)
Ming
150
Dehua porcelain factories centered at Jingdezhen
Ming
151
Defeated predecessor at Battle of Lake Poyang
Ming
152
Deposed Alakeshvara of the Kotte Kingdom in Sri Lanka
Ming
153
Received a giraffe from Malindi
Ming
154
Left Vietnam due to resistance from Le Loi
Ming
155
First dynasty where emperors referred to by era names, and not temple names
Ming
156
Matteo Ricci established the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
Ming
157
Faced the rebellion of the Prince of Yan
Ming
158
Conceptualized by Nurhaci in his Eight Banner system, and his son Hong Taiji officially founded the dynasty
Qing
159
Originally Later Jin dynasty
Qing
160
Height of power under Qianlong Emperor
Qing
161
Qianlong Emperor launched Ten Great Campaigns that extended control
Qing
162
Faced Taiping Rebellion from the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, led by Hong Xiuquan
Qing
163
Faced the Dungan Revolt of Hui people
Qing
164
Rigorous reforms in the Tongzhi Restoration led to Self-Strengthening Movement
Qing
165
Hundred Days’ Reform proposed fundamental change to stop decline, but it was rejected
Qing
166
Wuchang Uprising led to Xinhai Revolution
Qing
167
Last emperor Puyi abdicated
Qing
168
Five-year old Fulin installed as Shunzhi Emperor as part of a compromise
Qing
169
Wu Sangui allied with them in initial conquest, but was later put down in Revolt of the Three Feudatories
Qing
170
Dorgon key regent to first emperor, given posthumous title of Emperor Yi, but later revoked
Qing
171
Haircutting edict forced adult men to shave the front of their heads, which triggered a slaughter of 100,000 in Jiangnan
Qing
172
Cut off water supplies to pirate Koxinga, a loyalist of the previous dynasty whose grandson Zheng Keshuang ceded Formosa (Taiwan)
Qing
173
Sacred Edict concisely defined key Confucian values
Qing
174
One emperor personally led a series of military campaigns against Dzungars and Jinchuan, led by Galdan
Qing
175
Conquered Albazin with no casualties
Qing
176
Signed Treaty of Nerchinsk and Treaty of Kyakhta with Russia
Qing
177
Yongzheng Emperor established Great Council
Qing
178
System of Palace Memorials used to report on local affairs straight to the throne
Qing
179
One emperor compiled Siku Quanshu
Qing
180
One corrupt official Heshen was super handsome
Qing
181
Faced the White Lotus Rebellion
Qing
182
George Macartney was one foreign official in this country
Qing
