Chp 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Define Information Systems analysis and design
complex, challenging and stimulation organizational process that a team of business professionals uses to develop and maintain computer-based information systems
Application Software
software designed to support a specific organizational function or process
System Analyst
organizational role most responsible for the analysis and design of information system
Systems development methodology
A standard process followed in an organization to conduct all the steps necessary to analyze, design, implement, and maintain information systems.
Systems development life cycle (SDLC)
traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace is
Describe the SDLC
features many phases , circular process of planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance
First phase in SDLC
Planning: identifies needs, analyze, prioritize, and arrange of an IS
Second phase in SDLC
Analysis: system requirements are studied and structured
Third phase in SDLC
Design: description of the recommended solution is converted into logical and then physical systems specifications
Logical Design
all functional features of the system are described independently of any computer platform
Physical Design
logical specification of the system from logical design are transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished
Fourth phase in SDLC
Implementation: IS is coded, tested, installed, and supported in the organization
Fifth phase in SDLC
Maintenance: IS is systematically repaired and imporved
Attempts to make systems development less of an art and more of a science are referred to as
systems engineering or software engineering
Explain CASE tools
Computer-aided software engineering: software tools that provide automated support for some portion of the systems development process
Used to support wide variety of SDLC activities
ex: Diagramming, repository, form & report generators, code,
How does Case tools help?
Helps programmers and analysts do jobs more efficiently and effectively by automating routine tasks
Explain RAD
Rapid Application Development: created to radically decrease the time needed to design & implement IS
Life Cycle: Requirements planning>User Design>Construction>Cutover
prototyping
wen users/analysts work together to design interfaces and reports for new systems
Describe the 3 key principles of Agile Methodologies
a focus on (1) adaptive over predictive methodologies> Iterative development
(2) people rather than roles> talented individuals (3) self-adaptive processes>refined and improved
Describe eXtreme programing
2 people approach to software development: short cycles, incremental planning, automated tests written by programmers and customers, and evolutionary approach
life cycle converge into Coding, testing, listening and designing
what are the relevant parts of eXtreme programming
(1) how planning, analysis, design, and construction are all fused into a single phase
(2) unique way of capturing and presenting system requirements and design specifications
Object oriented analysis and design
systems development methodologies and techniques based on objects rather than data/processes
Explain OOAD
combines data and process (methods) into single entities
goal is to make systems elements more reusable, thus improving system quality and productivity
Inheritance
object classes are arranged in a heiarchy and each object class assumes the attributes and methods of its ancestor> allows new but related classes to be derived from existing classes
