CHP 12 Flashcards
(38 cards)
What is upsizing?
personnel computers being linked together to form networks that support work-group computing
What is downsizing?
migrating mainframe applications to personal computers, workstations and networks
What is corporate restructuring?
mergers, acquisitions, and consolidations requires connection/replacement of existing stand-alone applications
Why are applications being downsized to cloud-based architectures?
more cost effective, scalable, and manageable
What information must be considered for designing distributed systems?
site, processing needs, and data information for each location in environment
What is a LAN?
cabling, hardware and software used to connect workstations, computers, and file serves located in a confined area
What is a file server?
device that manages file operations and is shared by each client PC attached to a LAN
What are the 3 limitations of File Servers?
- Excessive data movement
- need for powerful client workstation
- Decentralized data control
What is the client/server architecture?
in LAN environment, its a central database server/engine performing all commands sent from client workstations, and application programs on each client concentrate on user interface functions
What is a Database engine?
backend portion of the client/server database system running on the server that provides database processing and shared access functions
What is a Client?
front end portion of the client/server database system that provides user interface and data manipulation functions
What is an Application program interface? (API)
Software building blocks used to ensure common system capabilities
What are the 4 advantages to adopting client/server architecture?
- allows companies to leverage benefits of microcomputer technology
- allows most processing to be performed close to the source of processed data>improving response time and network traffic
- use of graphical user interfaces and visual presentation techniques
- encourages/allows acceptance of open systems
What is the difference b/w a file server and a client/server
file server supports only the distribution of data
client/server supports both distribution of data and distribution of processing
What are the 3 general components to any IS?
- Data management; manage all interactions b/w software, files and databases
- Data presentation; manage interface b/w system users and software
- Data analysis; transform inputs into outputs
What is an application Server?
computing server where data analysis functions primarily reside
What is a Three-tiered client/server?
combine 3 logical and distinct applications: data management, presentation, and analysis into a single information application
What is a Middleware
brings together distinct hardware, software and communication technologies in order to create a 3 tiered client/server environment
What is the Domain naming system (BIND; Berkeley Internet Name Domain)
translating internet domain names into internet protocol (IP) addresses.
What is Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)?
standard language for representing content on the Web through the use of hundreds of command tags
What is HTTP?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol; communication protocol for exchanging information on the internet
What is XML?
internet-authorizing language that allows designers to create customized tags, enabling the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between applications
What is Thin client?
client device designed so that most processing and data storage occur on the server
What is cascading style sheets (CSSs)?
set of style rules that tells a web browser how to present a document
