Chp 25 - Postpartum Complications

Question 1

Categories of Postpartum Complication

Answer 1

-Shock
-Hemorrhage
-Thromboembolic
Disorders
-Puerperal Infection
-Subinvolution of the
Uterus
-Mood Disorders

Question 2

Defined as a condition in which the cardiovascular system fails to provide
essential oxygen and nutrients to the cells

Answer 2

SHOCK

Question 3

types of shock

Answer 3

-Cardiogenic
-Hypovolemic
-Anaphylactic
-Septic

Question 4

pulmonary embolism, anemia, hypertension

what type of shock

Answer 4

Cardiogenic

Question 5

clotting disorders, postpartum hemorrhage

what type of shock

Answer 5

Hypovolemic

Question 6

allergic response

what type of shock

Answer 6

Anaphylactic

Question 7

puerperal infection

what type of shock

Answer 7

Septic

Question 8

Occurs when volume of blood is depleted
and cannot fill the circulatory system

Answer 8

Hypovolemic
Shock

Question 9

how much a blood does a woman lose to consider it a a postpartal hemorrhage

Answer 9

more than 500mL

Question 10

how much a blood does a woman lose during a cesarean delivery to consider it a postpartal hemorrhage

Answer 10

more than 1000mL

Question 11

what are the 4 T’s

Answer 11

tone, trauma, tissue, thrombin

Question 12

list causes for early postpartum hemorrhage

Answer 12

-uterine atony
-lacerations or tears of reproductive tract
-hematomas
-retained placental fragments
-disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 13

relaxation of the uterus

Answer 13

Uterine Atony

Question 14

vaginal mucous membrane and skin of the perineum to the fourchette

which degree

Answer 14

first degree

Question 15

vagina, perineal skin, faschia, levator ani muscle, and perineal body

which degree

Answer 15

second degree

Question 16

Entire perineum, extending to reach the external sphincter of the rectum

which degree

Answer 16

third degree

Question 17

Entire perineum, rectal sphincter, and some of the mucous membrane of the rectum

which degree

Answer 17

fourth degree

Question 18

management for perineal hematoma

Answer 18

-mild analgesic for pain
-ice pack
-incision and ligation under local anesthesia

Question 19

management for retained placental fragments

Answer 19

-D&C
-balloon occlusion
-embolization of internal iliac arteries
-methotrexate

Question 20

blood clot that occurs in veins under the skin (superficial veins).
The condition typically happens in the
arms or legs and causes inflammation,
pain, redness and swelling

Answer 20

Superficial vein
thrombosis
(SVT)

Question 21

a medical condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein. These clots usually develop in
the lower leg, thigh, or pelvis, but they can also occur in the arm.

Answer 21

Deep vein
thrombosis
(DVT)

Question 22

occurs when a blood clot gets stuck in an artery in the lung, blocking blood flow to part of the lung. Blood clots most often start in the legs and travel up through the right side of the heart and into the
lungs.

Answer 22

Pulmonary
embolism (PE)

Question 23

types of thromboembolic disorders

Answer 23

-Superficial vein
thrombosis
-Deep vein
thrombosis
-Pulmonary
embolism

Question 24

Factors that increase the risk of postpartum infections

Answer 24

-Prolonged rupture of membranes
-Prolonged labor
-Cesarean delivery
-Retained placental fragments
-Excessive postpartum bleeding

Question 25

infection of the breast – occurs usually 2-3 weeks after birth

Answer 25

Mastitis

Question 26

Treatment of Mastitis

Answer 26

Prescribed antibiotics, mild analgesics Continue to breastfeed with unaffected breast Pump and discard the milk from affected breast (weaning can lead to engorgement and stasis of milk, which can worsen the infection) Heat promotes blood flow to the area Massage the area of inflammation to improve milk flow and reduce stasis Encourage fluid intake Wear a supportive bra Provide emotional support to the woman

Question 27

These are fixed false beliefs that are not based in reality and are held despite evidence to the contrary.

Answer 27

Delusions

Question 28

These are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of any real external stimuli

Answer 28

Hallucinations

Question 29

risk factors for mental disorders

Answer 29

History of mental health issues Difficult pregnancy or childbirth experience Lack of social support Stressful life events Hormonal imbalances Sleep deprivation