CHP 9 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in CHP 9 Deck (21)
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1
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

worked in the 1860’s, first person to analyze patterns of inheritance and deduced the fundamental principles of genetics

2
Q

Why did Mendel study Garden Peas?

A

easy to grow, came in many readily distinguishable varieties, easily manipulated, and can self fertilize

3
Q

Monohybrid Crosses

A

cross between purebred parents

4
Q

Dihybrid

A

mating of parents varieties differing in two characters; 2 different type of genes

5
Q

Law of Segregation

A

each pair of alleles separate/segregate independently during the production of gametes

6
Q

Law of independent assortment

A

allele pairs separate independently during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one character has no effect on the inheritance of the other.

7
Q

True breeding

A

self fertilized

8
Q

Homozygous

A

both alleles are identical (PP or pp)

9
Q

Heterozygous

A

alleles are different (Pp)

10
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup (letter traits)

11
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical appearance (word description)

12
Q

Allele

A

alternative form of gene

13
Q

Complete Dominance

A

he dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele in heterozygous condition.

14
Q

Incomplete Dominance

A

hybrids have an appearance between the phenotypes of the two parents (White + Red = Pink)

15
Q

Dominant Allele

A

determine’s organisms appearance (TT = Tall)

16
Q

Recessive allele

A

no noticeable effect on organism’s appearance (Tt=Tall with short trait)

17
Q

Testcross

A

mating between individual of dominant phenotype ( but unknown genotype) and a homozygous recessive individual (Juan BB or Bb? with Areli bb)

18
Q

Gene

A

hereditary of living organism

19
Q

F1 Generation

A

hybrid offspring two different purebred varieties

20
Q

F2 Generation

A

Cross of the F1 generation

21
Q

Locus

A

specific location of a gene on a chromosome