Flashcards in Chpt 1 Deck (35)
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What are the 4 subfields of anthropology?
1. Archeology
2. Linguistic
3. Physical or biological
4. Cultural anthropology
1
The study of language and it's relation to culture.
Anthropological linguistics
2
The scientific and humanistic study of human beings.
1. A comparative science
2. A holistic science
3. A humanistic science
Anthropology
3
Judging other cultures from the perspective of ones own culture. The notion that ones own culture is more beautiful, rational, and nearer to perfection than any other.
Ethnocentrism
4
A group of people who depend on one another for survival or well-being as well as the relationships among such people, including their own status and roles.
Society
5
The learned behaviors and symbols that allow people to live in groups; the primary means by which humans adapt to their environment; the ways of life characteristic of a particular human society.
Culture
6
1944- said Anthropology provides a scientific basis for dealing with crucial dilemma of the world today.
Clyde kluckhohn
7
Material remains, dig and discover and then deconstruct the remains.
They look at patterns of contemporary people and also at pyramids.
Archeology
8
Looks at human evolution based on the remains found by archeologist.
Physical anthropology (biological)
9
3 subfields of physical anthropology
1. Human variation
2. Primatology
3.paleoanthropology
10
Race, natural environment, altitude, nutrition and disease
Human variation
11
Primate, chimpanzee, orangoutang, gorilla, barnabas- they look at the similarities and differences.
Primatology
12
The study of human evolution on the basis of fossil records.
Paleoanthropology
13
Looks at the entire communication, focusing on what people say.
Linguistic Anthropology
14
Study language change and how languages are related.
Historical linguistic
15
Structural linguistic, they look at the formal structure Of language. They create records of language to transcribe, they use phonetic symbols.
Descriptive linguistic
16
Language, dialect and varieties accent.
Also deal with social class
Socio-linguistic
17
The study of human thought, behavior, and life ways that are learned rather than genetically transmitted and that are typical of groups of people.
Cultural anthropology
18
Global distribution of people associated with each other by history, kinship, friendship, and webs of mutual understandings.
Ethnoscape
19
The major research tool of cultural anthropology; includes both fieldwork among people in a society and the written results of such fieldwork.
Ethnography
20
Examining societies using concepts, categories, and distinctions that are meaningful to members of that culture.
Emic ethnography
21
Examining societies using concepts, categories and rules derived from science; an outsiders perspective.
Etic ethnography
22
The attempt to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena.
Ethnology
23
Each culture must be understood in terms of the values and ideas of that culture. Each culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture.
Cultural relativism
24
Belief that ones culture is better than all other cultures. Measures other cultures by the degree to which they live up to one's own cultural standards.
Ethnocentrism
25
The dominant groups take action over a minority group.
Etc: colonization, slavery
Culture imperialism
26
Geographical graduations
(No discrete boundaries) continuous variations
Continuous vs discontinuous variations
Variations exist beyond a few visible superficial traits. Skin color
Clines
27
The actual process of the things moving towards the goal.
Unidirectional
Teleology
28
Taxonomy> category > race > rank
*emerged in the 17th century among scholars
*a deeply embedded ideology ( false belief) often manipulated
*about power & privilege
*legitimize social inequality as physical indicators of evolutionary rank.
Race
29
