Chpt. 10. Knee

Question 1

Knee is what kind of a joint?

Answer 1

Ginglymus (Hinge joint)

Question 2

Tibia-medial bears most of the ___ ?

Answer 2

weight

Question 3

Fibular-lateral serves as the ____ for the knee joint structures?

Answer 3

the Attachment

Question 4

Is the Patella femoral a true joint?

Answer 4

NO

-not true synovial

Question 5

What time of bone is the patella?

What does it act as?

Answer 5

Sesamoid (floating) bone

-pulley in improving angle of pull== resulting in greater mechanical advantage in Knee EXTENSION

Question 6

What are 6 bony landmarks on the knee?

Answer 6

• Superior & inferior patellar poles
• Tibial tuberosity
• Gerdy’s tubercle
• Medial & lateral femoral Condyles
• Upper anterior medial tibial surface
• Head of fibula

Question 7

___ vasti muscles of quads originate on proximal femur & insert on ________ ______ ____

-The insertion ultimately is on ____ via patella tendon (ligament)

Answer 7

• 3

- patellar superior pole

Question 8

Where does the Iliotibial tract of tensor fasciae latae inserts on ?

Answer 8

-Gerdy’s tubercle

Question 9

Where does Sartorius, gracilis, & semitendinosus insert ?

Answer 9

Pes anserinus

Question 10

Where is the Pes anserinus?

Answer 10

below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface

Question 11

Where does the Bicep femoris insert?

Answer 11

on Fibula head

Question 12

What is another name for Knee joint?

Answer 12

tibiofemoral joint

Question 13

Does the PCL often get injured?

How would an injury occur on the PCL?

Answer 13

No

-direct contact with an Opponent

Question 14

Does the LCL frequently get injured?

Answer 14

no, infrequently

Question 15

How does the MCL maintain stability?

What is Valgus Force?

Answer 15

by resisting valgus forces or preventing knee from being abducted

-outside to inside force

Question 16

Are MCl injuries common? And how do they usually occur?

Answer 16

Yes, usually in contact or collision sport

Question 17

What is a Infrapatellar fat pad?

Answer 17

an insertion point for synovial folds of tissue known as “plica”

Question 18

The Infrapatellar fat pad can be _____, pinched or ______ with injuries or over use of the knee and then is called what?

Answer 18

• irritated, pinched or inflammed

- Plica Syndrome

Question 19

How many bursaes around the knee?

What is the function?

Answer 19

• more than 10 in and around knee

- absorb shock or prevent friction

Question 20

??Name 3 bursae around the knee

Answer 20

• suprapatella bursae
• infrapatella bursae
• subcutaneous prepatellar/infrapatellar bursae

Question 21

?What degrees does the knee extend?

Answer 21

180 degrees (o degrees of flexion)

Question 22

Is it uncommon to have hyperextension?

How many degrees?

Answer 22

No, 10 degrees

Question 23

How much degrees for knee flexion?

Answer 23

140

Question 24

When the knee approaches full extension the tibia needs to do what to properly align tibial and femoral condyles?

Answer 24

externally rotate

Question 25

Ligaments are tight in what position?

Answer 25

full extension

Question 26

The knee does what when moving from its externally rotated position into flexion? "unlocks the knee" What unlocks the knee?

Answer 26

tibia rotated internally to a degree -Poplitius

Question 27

Does ECCENTRIC or CONCENTRIC generate more force?

Answer 27

ECCENTRIC

Question 28

Do Quads or Hamstrings have more strength? and how much % ?

Answer 28

Quads; | about 25-33% more

Question 29

What 4 muscles do the Quads consist of?

Answer 29

- rectus femoris - vastus lateralis - vastus intermedius - vastus medialis

Question 30

What 3 muscles do the Hamstrings consist of? and one extra?

Answer 30

- semitendinosus - medial, internal rotator - semimembranosus - medial, internal rotator - biceps femoris (long and short) - lateral, external rotator *-Popliteus- assist medial, internal rotation

Question 31

are 1 joint or 2 joint muscles more likely to be torn?

Answer 31

2-joint muscles

Question 32

Hamstring muscles & rectus femoris are _____ muscles

Answer 32

biarticular (two-joint)

Question 33

What are the synergists ANTERIORLY for Knee extension (4):

Answer 33

- Rectus femoris - Vastus medialis - Vastus intermedius - Vastus lateralis

Question 34

What are the synergists primarily for Knee flexion POSTERIORLY (7):

Answer 34

- Biceps femoris (long head) - Semimembranosus - Semitendinosus - Popliteus - Sartorius - Gracilis - Gastrocnemius

Question 35

Knee EXTENSION occurs from Quads or Hamstrings?

Answer 35

Quads

Question 36

Knee FLEXION occurs from Quads or Hamstrings?

Answer 36

Hamstring

Question 37

Femoral nerve innervates which muscles? (Quads) | 4

Answer 37

- rectus femoris - vastus medialis - vastus intermedius - vastus lateralis

Question 38

Sciatic nerve innervates which muscles ? (3)

Answer 38

- semitendinosus, - semimembranosus - biceps femoris (long head)

Question 39

What muscles does the Common Peroneal (fibular) innervate?

Answer 39

-bicep femoris (short head)

Question 40

What muscle is vital in jumping? | -what 2 functions of this muscles?

Answer 40

quads; functions as decelerator - when decreasing speed to change direction - when coming down from a jump

Question 41

Strength and Endurance is essential for maintenance of what muscle stability?

Answer 41

Patellofemoral

Question 42

What is the OINA for Rectus Femoris?

Answer 42

O: AIIS I: Tibial tuberosity N: Femoral A: Extension of knee, flexion hip

Question 43

What is the OINA for Vastus Lateralis?

Answer 43

O: Upper ½ of linea aspera (line backf of femur) I: Tibial tuberosity N: Femoral A: extend knee

Question 44

What is the OINA for Vastus Intermedius?

Answer 44

O: upper part of Femur I: Tibial tuberosity N: Femoral A: extend knee

Question 45

What is the OINA for Vastuc Medialis? | Same as Vastuc Lateralis

Answer 45

O: Linea aspera I: Tibial tuberosity N: Femoral A: Extend knee

Question 46

What is the OINA for Popliteus? | what nerve*

Answer 46

O: Lateral condyle femur (back) I: Proximal tibia (back) N: Tibial nerve A: weakly flex knee, internally rotate tibia, (“unlocking”= internally rotate tibia)

Question 47

What are the synergists for Knee flexion?

Answer 47

- Biceps Femoris (Long Head) - Semitendinosus - Semimembranosus

Question 48

What is the synergist for INTERNAL rotation?

Answer 48

- Popliteus - Semitendinosus - Semimembranosus

Question 49

What is the synergist for EXTERNAL rotation?

Answer 49

Bicep femoris